A policy of ethnic segregation called Apartheid was enforced in 1948 and continued until it was dismantled when president F.W de Klerk became president in 1990
This election brought Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress to power.
The Dutch (Boers) and the British colonists started to claim land in the northern and eastern of south Africa.
This also led to some minor conflicts between the natives and the new European colonists.