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South Asians in the United States

South Asians in the United States

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Coalition of National South Asian Organizations

Jun 23, 2008

Launch of the National Coalition of South Asian Organizations (NCSO) takes place in New York.

Indian guest workers launch campaign

2007

Indian guest workers trafficked into the U.S. Gulf Coast launch national organizing, advocacy, and litigation campaign to raise awareness about the flawed guest worker program.

Lawsuit filed against Department of Homeland Security

2007

Lawsuit filed against Department of Homeland Security for excessive customs screening of certain immigrants, including South Asians, returning from abroad.

New Jersey issues voter registration forms in Gujarati.

2007

Piyush Bobby Jindal (Louisiana) becomes the first South Asian American to be elected governor in U.S. history.

Oct 19, 2007

The first South Asian Summit is held in Washington D.C.

Feb 2007

Over 150 individuals from nearly 40 organizations working with under served South Asian community members gathered in Washington D.C. for a landmark national summit. e Summit provided a unique opp...

South Asians across the country increasingly report FBI background checks delaying the processing of immigration applications.

2006 to Aug 14, 2008 9:44 AM

A restaurant in NYC exploits South Asian immigrant workers.

2006

15 immigrant workers, including South Asians, exploited in the workplace file lawsuit against Devi Restaurant in New York City.

New Airport Screening Procedures

2006

Transportation Security Administration (TSA) implemented new airport screening procedures affecting individuals wearing head coverings and loose clothing, including those who wear Sikh turbans or M...

House holds hearing on comprehensive immigration reform legislation.

Oct 2006

As Congress debates the immigration reform, Deepa Iyer, Executive Director of South Asian Americans Leading Together, provides testimony on the impact of immigration policies on the South Asia...

Former Senator Makes Racist Comment

Jul 2006

Former Virginia Senator George Allen makes the following comment, which is aimed at a 20-year-old South Asian staffer working for his opponent: “Let’s give a warm welcome to Macaca, here. Welcome t...

First South Asian LGBTIQ conference is held in California.

May 2006

Trikone, a national organization that works to empower members of the South Asian LGBTIQ community, launches DesiQ2006, a conference on South Asian lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender issues.

The Drug Enforcement Agency targets Indian families in Georgia.

2005

The Drug Enforcement Agency launches Operation Meth Merchant, a DEA initiative that targets Indian convenience storeowners and clerks in northwest Georgia. Of the 49 individuals apprehended in the ...

South Asians takes elected positions in U.S. government.

2004

Piyush Bobby Jindal becomes second South Asian American member of Congress. Many South Asians are elected to state office, including Swati Dandekar (Iowa) and Nicky Randhawa Haley (S. Carolina).

Immigration statistics show that Indians are the fastest growing undocumented population in the United States.

2004

South Asian Workers Group Works to Pass Domestic Workers Bill in NYC

May 2003

In June 2003, Andolan, a South Asian worker's group, helped pass a bill in New York City Hall that demanded a standard contract for domestic workers. Andolan was one of the founding members of the ...

Special Registration Programs require certain immigrants to register themselves.

Jan 2002

Special Registration program requires men and boys- ages 16 and older- from 25 countries (24 of which are predominantly Muslim countries, including Pakistan and Bangladesh), to report to their loca...

Reports of post-9/11 hate crimes increase.

2001

FBI reports that after 9/11, reports of violence against Muslims rose by 1600%. Nineteen people are murdered in hate violence in the US related to 9/11.

South Asian community-based organizations are formed to address post-9/11 issues.

2001

South Asian organizations, like the Council of Peoples Organization (COPO), are created with the specific intent to decrease incidences of post-9/11 bias and hate crimes.

U.S. law enforcement detains South Asians, Muslims, and Arab-Americans.

Sep 11, 2001 to Jan 2002

Many are denied access to counsel and undergo secret hearings. Their countries of origin: #1 Pakistan (33%); #6 India. By Feb. 2002, 327 individuals remain in custody—remainder deported or released...

The tragedies of September 11, 2001

Sep 10, 2001

Attacks are launched against the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. According to the report by the 9/11 Commission, More than 2,600 people died at the World Trade Center; 125 died at the Pentagon...

645 incidents of bias occur in the week after 9/11

Sep 10, 2001 to Sep 16, 2001

In the week following 9/11, there were 645 reports of bias incidents perceived to be aimed at persons of Middle Eastern and South Asian descent. South Asians Balbir Singh Sodhi of Arizona, Waqar Ha...

Trafficking case in California affects South Asians.

Feb 2001

U.S. Federal Court found Lakireddy Bali Reddy guilty on counts of bringing undocumented immigrants to the U.S. for immoral sexual purposes. His sentence of 97 months in jail was reinstated in 2006,...

Workplace raids affect South Asians in San Antonio.

Dec 1999

40 Indian computer programmers are arrested in San Antonio for allegedly working at an unauthorized site without appropriate paperwork or status. 23 of the programmers were threatened with deportat...

City in Michigan accomodates South Asian language needs in the election cycle.

1999

Hamtramck, Michigan is the first jurisdiction to provide language assistance in a South Asian language- Bengali- to voters following a lawsuit by the Department of Justice. "A National Action Age...

Third wave of South Asian immigrants begins.

1989

The third wave of South Asian immigrants begins, including H1-B visa holders, students, and working families. http://www.cis.org/articles/2002/back802.html

"Dotbusters" street gang threatens South Asians in Jersey City, New Jersey.

1986

Victims of the Dotbusters included a South Asian man, Navroze Mody, who was beaten to death with bricks in Hoboken. This killing spree was followed by similar hate crimes in Middlesex County, New J...

South Asian domestic violence organizations begin to form.

1984

Domestic violence organizations for the South Asian community begin to form all over the United States. Organizations formed during this time include: Manavi, formed in 1985 in New Jersey; Sneha, f...

First establishment of a South Asian political awareness organization.

1982

The Indian American Forum for Political Education (IAFPE) is formed with the goal to empower Indian Americans politically by raising civic consciousness and increasing participation in community af...

The first federation of Indian organizations is established.

1979

The National Federation of Indian American Associations is formed, making it the first coalition of Indian organizations in the U.S.

South Asian immigration increases.

1979

According to the 1980 US Census, the Asian Indian population is recorded at 361,544. "Asian Indian Immigration Patterns: The Origins of the Sikh Community in California" by Juan L. Gonzalez Jr, ...

Census classification of Indians implemented.

1976

Bureau of the Census reclassifies immigrants from the Indian subcontinent from white/ Caucasian to Asian Indian.

Persons of Asian Indian descent are now "regarded as white.”

1974

The director of Office of Federal Contract Compliance at persons of Asian Indian descent are "regarded as white".

Cultural and religious organizations of South Asians begin to form.

Aug 27, 1970

South Asian communities begin building religious and cultural organizations all over the U.S.

South Asian immigration to the United States increases significantly.

1965 to 1976

83% of South Asians enter the United States under employment visas, including 20,000 scientists, 40,000 engineers, and 25,000 medical doctors. Asian Americans: Contemporary Trends and Issues By Py...

Major immigration law passed.

1964

The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965 removes all quotas based on national origin. This makes possible the second wave of South Asian immigration, which primarily includes scientists, enginee...

The first South Asian is elected to Congress.

1956

Dalip Singh Saund, an Indian American from Imperial Valley, California, is elected to Congress. He served as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives for three terms.

The Luce-Cellar Bill is passed.

1945

Luce - Cellar Bill grants right of naturalization and small immigration quotas to Asian Indians and Filipinos, including a national quota of 100 for immigrants from India.

First mosque in the U.S. is built.

1933

The Mother Mosque, the first Mosque on U.S. soil, was established on Feb 15 1934 in Cedar Rapids.

Immigration from Asia is barred.

1923

The National Origins Quota Act is passed, resulting in barred immigration from Asia.

U.S. Supreme Court declares Asian Indians ineligible for naturalization

1922

In U.S. v. Bhagat Singh Thind, the U.S. Supreme Court declares Asian Indians ineligible for naturalization because while Asian Indians might be “Caucasians,” they are not “white.”

California legislature passes Alien Land Laws.

1919

California's Alien Land Laws prohibited any immigrant ineligible for citizenship from owning or leasing land. Indians owned over 120,000 acres in CA.

Congress restricts immigration from Asia.

1916

The Immigrant Act of 1917 defines a geographic "barred zone" (including what is now South Asia) from which no immigrants can come to the U.S.

First Gurudwara in the United States is dedicated.

Nov 20, 1915

Sikhs build Khalsa Diwan in Stockton, CA, making it the first gurudwara on United States soil.

A boat carrying Asian Indians to Canada is turned away.

1913

In 1914, Kamagata Maru, a Japanese streamliner carrying 376 passengers from Punjab, India, was not allowed to land in Canada and was forced to return to India.

The Ghadar Party is formed.

1912

Asian Indians in California and Canada establish the revolutionary Ghadar Party, also known as Pacific Coast Hindustani Association. The Ghadar Party’s primarily aimed to liberate India from Britis...

The increasing trend of Asian Indian immigration builds anti-Asian sentiments.

1910 to 1916

2,000 Asian Indians enter; anti-Asian sentiment grows. "Roots in the Sand", PBS documentary.

The Punjabi population in the West increases.

1909

Close to 5,000 men from Punjab find jobs in the American West by 1910. PBS, "Roots in the Sand".

Asian Indians are deemed as "white" persons eligible for citizenship.

1909

In U.S. v Balsara, the U.S. Supreme Court finds that Asian Indians are “white” persons eligible for citizenship. The racialization of the community would change back and forth over the coming decad...

The Canadian government passes restrictive immigration laws.

1908

Canada curbs Asian Indian immigrants by denying entry to immigrants who have not come by "continuous journey" from their homelands.

Asian Indians are denied the right to naturalize.

1907

Chief of bureau of naturalization actively opposed the granting of naturalization to “Hindoos or East Indians”. “Sikhs, Swamis, Students, and Spies: the India lobby in the United States, 1900...

Riots occur in Bellingham, Washington, to drive out South Asian immigrants.

Aug 1907

Hundreds of white workers entered the Asian-Indian community in Bellingham, Washington, and drove 700 Asian Indians across the Canadian border. Similar riots occurred in California and in Oregon. ...

The title of Japanese and Korean Exclusion Leagues is changed to include Asian Indians.

1906

Asiatic Exclusion League opposes immigration from Asia, leading to anti-Hindu riots in Washington, California, and Oregon.

South Asian immigration rises.

1901 to 1905

Between 1902 and 1906, over 800 Asian Indians arrived in the United States. "Asian Indian Immigration Patterns: The Origins of the Sikh Community in California" by Juan L. Gonzalez Jr, Internat...

Asian Indians start arriving on the Pacific Coast of the United States.

1898

Arrivals from India to the U.S. numbered less than 100 a year until 1904 when 258 men from India came to the U.S. The majority of early Indian immigrants to the Pacific Northwest were Sikhs from th...

The establishment of anti-miscegenation laws begins in Nevada.

1860

Nevada became the first state to pass a law specifically barring marriages between whites and Asians.

The first South Asians arrive as indentured servants.

1844

More than 500,000 Asian Indians are brought to British Guyana, the West Indies, and various French colonies, marking the beginning of the global trend toward “coolie” labor (similar to indentured s...

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