Recent Event Highlights: 18 - The Syllable RI : Origins of Writing in Western Civilization and the Kaulins Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (MinAegCon™): A Syllabic Grid of Mycenaean Greek Linear B Script, the Cypriot Syllabary, the Phaistos Disk, two Old Elamite Scripts, the Ins, 17 - The Syllable RE : Origins of Writing in Western Civilization and the Kaulins Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (MinAegCon™): A Syllabic Grid of Mycenaean Greek Linear B Script, the Cypriot Syllabary, the Phaistos Disk, two Old Elamite Scripts, the Ins, 16 - The Syllable RA : Origins of Writing in Western Civilization and the Kaulins Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (MinAegCon™): A Syllabic Grid of Mycenaean Greek Linear B Script, the Cypriot Syllabary, the Phaistos Disk, two Old Elamite Scripts, the Ins, 15 - The Syllable PU : Origins of Writing in Western Civilization and the Kaulins Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (MinAegCon™): A Syllabic Grid of Mycenaean Greek Linear B Script, the Cypriot Syllabary, the Phaistos Disk, two Old Elamite Scripts, the Ins, 14 - The Syllable PO : Origins of Writing in Western Civilization and the Kaulins Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (MinAegCon™): A Syllabic Grid of Mycenaean Greek Linear B Script, the Cypriot Syllabary, the Phaistos Disk, two Old Elamite Scripts, the Ins, 13 - The Syllable PI : Origins of Writing in Western Civilization and the Kaulins Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (MinAegCon™): A Syllabic Grid of Mycenaean Greek Linear B Script, the Cypriot Syllabary, the Phaistos Disk, two Old Elamite Scripts, the Ins, and 10 more...
Created by akaulins on 12/01/2011
Last updated: 12/01/11 at 19:02
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This is the 18th posting in this series (which started here), and presents the Syllable RI in the Syllabic Grid. Each syllable is presented in its own posting.
There is first a scan of a "syllabic" table excerpt from the original Microsoft Word manuscript -- the links there are not clickable because it is one image.
That image is followed by the original text -- the links there are clickable -- but you can not see the Aegean Fonts or images embedded in Microsoft Word, as these do not resolve in Blogger, so you will see "a ? ? filler".
The Syllable RI in the Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (by Andis Kaulins)
Syllabic Value ofthe Sign (Symbol)(there was nouniversally establishedAEIOU vowel system yetin this era, and therewere dipthongs, so thata strict AEIOU systemhere is a bit misleading) CypriotSyllabarysigns from theBabelMap(UnicodeCharacter Mapfor Windows) Linear B(Ventris &followers)(standardBennetnumbers inparentheses)Aegean Font PhaistosDisk(Kaulins)(firstdecipheredby him in theyears 1978-1980) Axe ofArkalochori(Kaulins)(these same basic signsare also on the PhaistosDisk). This column alsoprovides explanatoryphoto images for variousMinoan symbols ElamiteScript(Kaulins)(same basicsigns as thePhaistosDisk - seealso here) SumerianPictographsand/orEgyptianHieroglyphsand/or signcommentaryon individualsymbols
RI rhy
Most of the signs are aῥυτόν “rhyton”,acontainer for fluids,while the Phaistos Diskhas a sign I mistook 30years ago for a plantleaf but which is actuallya plant root, a rhizome,ῥίζωμα viz. thesimpler Greek ῥιζόω“to plant, strike root”. Cypriot syllabary:��RO(Must RI andRO values, notthe signs asplaced, beexchanged inthe Cypriotic?) Linear B
��(53)RI
A rhytonon atable-likesupport. Phaistos Disk
��RIMistaken as aplant leaf butactually aplant root,ῥίζωμαrhizome. No similar sign on Axe
For Linear B, the currentlinguistic view is that:"The r-series includes ...the /r/ and /l/phonemes: ti-ri-po fortripos (τρίπος) & tu-ri-sofor Tuliso (Τυλισός)."That view is clearlyincorrect. Both /R/ and/L/ phonemes existed inLinear B. No Elamite sign yet.
ῥυτόνrhyton,AghiaTriada,HeraklionMuseum Sumerian
IRIG(Jaritz #457)“conical oilcontainer” IRI or IRIGvoluminous
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/9ZpNC2fZwnE/18-syllable-ri-origins-of-writing-in.html
This is the 17th posting in this series (which started here), and presents the Syllable RE in the Syllabic Grid. Each syllable is presented in its own posting.
There is first a scan of a "syllabic" table excerpt from the original Microsoft Word manuscript -- the links there are not clickable because it is one image.
That image is followed by the original text -- the links there are clickable -- but you can not see the Aegean Fonts or images embedded in Microsoft Word, as these do not resolve in Blogger, so you will see "a ? ? filler".
The Syllable RE in the Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (by Andis Kaulins)
Syllabic Value ofthe Sign (Symbol)(there was nouniversally establishedAEIOU vowel system yetin this era, and therewere dipthongs, so thata strict AEIOU systemhere is a bit misleading) CypriotSyllabarysigns from theBabelMap(UnicodeCharacter Mapfor Windows) Linear B(Ventris &followers)(standardBennetnumbers inparentheses)Aegean Font PhaistosDisk(Kaulins)(firstdecipheredby him in theyears 1978-1980) Axe ofArkalochori(Kaulins)(these same basic signsare also on the PhaistosDisk). This column alsoprovides explanatoryphoto images for variousMinoan symbols ElamiteScript(Kaulins)(same basicsigns as thePhaistosDisk - seealso here) SumerianPictographsand/orEgyptianHieroglyphsand/or signcommentaryon individualsymbols
REῬέα (Rhea) ῥόα
http://archaeology.about.com (Kris Hirst) writes: "The pomegranate … is a native plant of the middle east, most likely Iran ... domesticated invarious places…beginning about 3500BC…. [P]omegranateshaped vases havebeen found at Phaistosand Knossos on Creteby the Middle Minoanperiod (ca 18th centuryBC)".
Cypriot syllabary
𐠤REῥόα
Pomegranatesnot only areserved as animportantAegean foodbut also hadsymbolicfertility value. Linear B
𐁈(76)RYARA2ῥόαpomegranate tree(s) pruned,with trellis?Wikipedia:Rhea (myth.):RU+JA seen aspomegranatein Linear A Phaistos Disk
𐇺RE
ῥοώδηςA wedge ofpomegranate
Liddell-Scott:"knob ...like apomegranate.... tassel of like shape" No similar sign on Axe
ῥόα
Image above found athttp://rubyredpomegranates.co.uk/how-to-eat.htmlshows the triangular cutof the pomegranatepieces – that is the signon the Phaistos Disk. Elamite
RE
ἐώρα"halter"A horsecollar oroxbow.
IR acc. toone source. SumerianJaritz #185RU8or LAL3The pome-granate isnot lal3-darbut rhea-darDAR may be"agriculture"Latv. dārzā"garden" loc.
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/JzmdgNvc2Xo/17-syllable-re-origins-of-writing-in.html
This is the 16th posting in this series (which started here), and presents the Syllable RA in the Syllabic Grid. Each syllable is presented in its own posting.
There is first a scan of a "syllabic" table excerpt from the original Microsoft Word manuscript -- the links there are not clickable because it is one image.
That image is followed by the original text -- the links there are clickable -- but you can not see the Aegean Fonts or images embedded in Microsoft Word, as these do not resolve in Blogger, so you will see "a ? ? filler".
The Syllable RA in the Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (by Andis Kaulins)
Syllabic Value ofthe Sign (Symbol)(there was nouniversally establishedAEIOU vowel system yetin this era, and therewere dipthongs, so thata strict AEIOU systemhere is a bit misleading) CypriotSyllabarysigns from theBabelMap(UnicodeCharacter Mapfor Windows) Linear B(Ventris &followers)(standardBennetnumbers inparentheses)Aegean Font PhaistosDisk(Kaulins)(firstdecipheredby him in theyears 1978-1980) Axe ofArkalochori(Kaulins)(these same basic signsare also on the PhaistosDisk). This column alsoprovides explanatoryphoto images for variousMinoan symbols ElamiteScript(Kaulins)(same basicsigns as thePhaistosDisk - seealso here) SumerianPictographsand/orEgyptianHieroglyphsand/or signcommentaryon individualsymbols
RA
The Linear B sign is not intuitive, but similar to the Sumerian RA sign of a square object and curl(er), shown with 4 spokes as a square seal?Halloran writes that RAis syllabic value for aseal stamped into clay.So the Linear B sign andSumerian are a match.The Elamite symbol is unclear in meaning buthas a syllable-unknownSumerian comparable, perhaps a term like Latvian robs “notch”. Cypriot syllabary
��RASun & Earth
EgyptianhieroglyphRAsun disk Linear B
��(60)RAῥόμβος(“round, roll”)
A comparableSumerian signreads RA for“roll a seal intoclay” - John A.Halloran,Sumerian Lexicon,Version 3.0. Phaistos Disk
��RAῥόμβος"round, roll"
A similarAegean design on a sword can be seen atSalimbeti.ComMicenei No similar sign on Axe
A game like hockey withball and stick was playedin Ancient Greece andEgypt. It is very unlikelyto be a sign, but ismentioned here for theLinear B and Sumeriansigns, as I considered it.
Thumb of image foundat Ancient Olympics. Elamite
RAῥάβδος"rod, wand, spear (shaft)"spear point
Latvian robs “notch, groove” Sumerian
(Jaritz #609)"RA - roll(a seal intoclay)”- J.A.HalloranRA
Sumerian(Jaritz #734)Unknownsyllabic value
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/zkdX2bfbEPk/16-syllable-ra-origins-of-writing-in.html
This is the 15th posting in this series (which started here), and presents the Syllable PU in the Syllabic Grid. Each syllable is presented in its own posting.
There is first a scan of a "syllabic" table excerpt from the original Microsoft Word manuscript -- the links there are not clickable because it is one image.
That image is followed by the original text -- the links there are clickable -- but you can not see the Aegean Fonts or images embedded in Microsoft Word, as these do not resolve in Blogger, so you will see "a ? ? filler".
The Syllable PU in the Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (by Andis Kaulins)
Syllabic Value ofthe Sign (Symbol)(there was nouniversally establishedAEIOU vowel system yetin this era, and therewere dipthongs, so thata strict AEIOU systemhere is a bit misleading) CypriotSyllabarysigns from theBabelMap(UnicodeCharacter Mapfor Windows) Linear B(Ventris &followers)(standardBennetnumbers inparentheses)Aegean Font PhaistosDisk(Kaulins)(firstdecipheredby him in theyears 1978-1980) Axe ofArkalochori(Kaulins)(these same basic signsare also on the PhaistosDisk). This column alsoprovides explanatoryphoto images for variousMinoan symbols ElamiteScript(Kaulins)(same basicsigns as thePhaistosDisk - seealso here) SumerianPictographsand/orEgyptianHieroglyphsand/or signcommentaryon individualsymbols
PU (phy)Linear B could be beans,φάσηλος, thoughLatin vicia faba (favabeans) today are peas inGreek. The PhaistosDisk symbol is possiblyGreek φύλαξ phylax,"guardian, talisman, amulett, pendant" (holefor a leather string?) Cypriotsyllabary𐠟PEφάσηλοςIs this sign atendril of thebean plant ? Linear B
𐀢(50)PUBean tendrilsφάσηλοςidentified atkairatos.com
Phaistos Disk𐇻PUφύλαξphylax"guardian"amulett,pendant” No similar sign on Axe
Broad Bean cultivationimage found at thePrespa Park Project.In Iran, mostly cultivatedin the former Elam. Elamite
Beans as inLInear BPU
(see left) SumerianPA(Jaritz #560)“bud,sprout”Persianbaghâla"bean"
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/gBsLxMNcn-I/15-syllable-pu-origins-of-writing-in.html
This is the 14th posting in this series (which started here), and presents the Syllable PO in the Syllabic Grid. Each syllable is presented in its own posting.
There is first a scan of a "syllabic" table excerpt from the original Microsoft Word manuscript -- the links there are not clickable because it is one image.
That image is followed by the original text -- the links there are clickable -- but you can not see the Aegean Fonts or images embedded in Microsoft Word, as these do not resolve in Blogger, so you will see "a ? ? filler".
The Syllable PO in the Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (by Andis Kaulins)
Syllabic Value ofthe Sign (Symbol)(there was nouniversally establishedAEIOU vowel system yetin this era, and therewere dipthongs, so thata strict AEIOU systemhere is a bit misleading) CypriotSyllabarysigns from theBabelMap(UnicodeCharacter Mapfor Windows) Linear B(Ventris &followers)(standardBennetnumbers inparentheses)Aegean Font PhaistosDisk(Kaulins)(firstdecipheredby him in theyears 1978-1980) Axe ofArkalochori(Kaulins)(these same basic signsare also on the PhaistosDisk). This column alsoprovides explanatoryphoto images for variousMinoan symbols ElamiteScript(Kaulins)(same basicsigns as thePhaistosDisk - seealso here) SumerianPictographsand/orEgyptianHieroglyphsand/or signcommentaryon individualsymbols
PO ποιέω“to make”This is a companion signto Linear B TE τέκτων viz. τέχνη "craftsman,master of an art".
The one identifies thecraftsman maker andthe other the making. Cypriotsyllabary
No comparablesign known tothis author, butthere may beone I do notknow of. Linear B��(39)POIn Linear Bscholarship thisis PI in errorand the axe isin error as PO. Phaistos Disk
NoComparable sign. No similar sign on Axe
Comment:This sign in Linear Bappears to be a creationlimited to Crete andformed from theLinear B signfor TE No Elamitesign yet.
No Sumeriancomparable.
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/c7TLvetvOmM/14-syllable-po-origins-of-writing-in.html
This is the 13th posting in this series (which started here), and presents the Syllable PI in the Syllabic Grid. Each syllable is presented in its own posting.
There is first a scan of a "syllabic" table excerpt from the original Microsoft Word manuscript -- the links there are not clickable because it is one image.
That image is followed by the original text -- the links there are clickable -- but you can not see the Aegean Fonts or images embedded in Microsoft Word, as these do not resolve in Blogger, so you will see "a ? ? filler".
The Syllable PI in the Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (by Andis Kaulins)
PI (pé)Classical Greekπέλεκυς “pelekus”, a"double-sided" axe, later applied to all axes,also single/sided onesi.e. hemipelekus.Some... late neolithic,wanderwörter havebeen suggested, e.g.Sumerian balag,Akkadian pilakku-(spindle whorl), or PIEpelek'u- 'axe'. Sumerianbalag means hour-glass shaped drum. The shapeis the word root. (cont.) Cypriot syllabary(reshuffle PE, PI, PO labels ?)𐠡PO(cont.)Pelekus willhave the sameroot as pierogi(Latvian pīrags,“*bi-horned,*two horned”). Linear B𐀡(11)PIπέλεκυςan axe
See theperplexedOxfordIntroduction toproto-Indo-Europeanon pelekus. Phaistos Disk𐇞PIπέλεκυςan axe
later as thesymbol PHI Axe of Arkalochori
PELEKUS is the bottomword on the axe middlecolumn. Found at icobase.com aSumerian balag (hour-glass drum) right bottom ElamitePIjar, caskπίθος
Sumerianbalag "drum"(Jaritz#649) Sumerian
PO(Jaritz #893)
Thumb of hour-glasspithos imageat Mathilda’s Anthro-pology Blog
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/lpIQlIAAZxA/13-syllable-pi-origins-of-writing-in.html
This is the 12th posting in this series (which started here), and presents the Syllable PE in the Syllabic Grid. Each syllable is presented in its own posting.
There is first a scan of a "syllabic" table excerpt from the original Microsoft Word manuscript -- the links there are not clickable because it is one image.
That image is followed by the original text -- the links there are clickable -- but you can not see the Aegean Fonts or images embedded in Microsoft Word, as these do not resolve in Blogger, so you will see "a ? ? filler".
The Syllable PE in the Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (by Andis Kaulins)
PEπῦρ (pyr). Thehypothetical proto-Indo-European root is*peh₂ur "fire".The Phaistos Disk signcould be an ancienttorch while the othersigns are braziers. An Ancient Greekcasserole and brazier.Image from Wikipedia,Ancient Agora Museumin Athens, Photo byGiovanni Dall'Orto,November, 2009. Cypriotsyllabary��PICasserole in aBrazier, seeimage at left.
An old IndoEuropean root.FIRE, PYRE, e.gLatvian UPUR"offering" (andKUR "stoke afire, burn"hence Egyptianhieroglyph KH.) Linear B
��(72)PE
An ancientbrazier,cooking utensil, orhearthof some kind.
Greekπῦρ"fire"
Phaistos Disk��PE
Perhaps a torch.Greekπῦρ "fire"Hittite������(paḫḫur)Old Englishfȳr (“fire”)Some think itis an ox foot.πεζός No similar sign on theAxe of Arkalochori
Photo of an ancient 4-legged brazier foundonline athttp://www.tcnj.edu/ ~anchouse/kitchen.html
Elamite PE4-leggedbrazier
EgyptianKHκαίω brazier4-legs andflame Sumerian PIRheat,(clearly abrazier)(Jaritz #684)
BAR4oil vessel ona brazier(Jaritz #453)
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/dVmUrPRxMuQ/12-syllable-pe-origins-of-writing-in.html
This, the 11th posting in this series (which started here), begins the syllabic grid with the Syllable PA. Each syllable will be presented in its own posting.
First there is a scan of the page, followed by the text with clickable links, a format necessitated by Blogger not resolving online the Aegean Font and Microsoft Word images.
TABLE ITABLE OF CYPRIOT SYLLABARY, MINOAN LINEAR B, PHAISTOS DISK, AXE OF ARKALOCHORI, OLD ELAMITE and SUMERIAN SIGN CONCORDANCE
A Table of the Sign Concordance of: 1) The Cypriot Syllabary, 2) Linear B -- Michael Ventris and John Chadwick, 3) the Phaistos Disk -- Andis Kaulins, 4) the Axe of Arkalochori -- Andis Kaulins, 5) Old Elamite Script -- Andis Kaulins, 6) Sumerian Pictographs and Egyptian Hieroglyphs
The Syllable PA in the Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (by Andis Kaulins)
Syllabic Value ofthe Sign (Symbol)(there was nouniversally establishedAEIOU vowel system yetin this era, and therewere dipthongs, so thata strict AEIOU systemhere is a bit misleading) CypriotSyllabarysigns from theBabelMap(UnicodeCharacter Mapfor Windows) Linear B(Ventris &followers)(standardBennetnumbers inparentheses)Aegean Font PhaistosDisk(Kaulins)(firstdecipheredby him in theyears 1978-1980) Axe ofArkalochori(Kaulins)(these same basic signsare also on the PhaistosDisk). This column alsoprovides explanatoryphoto images for variousMinoan symbols ElamiteScript(Kaulins)(same basicsigns as thePhaistosDisk - seealso here) SumerianPictographsand/orEgyptianHieroglyphsand/or signcommentaron individualsymbols
PA (and BA ?)In Linear B, sign B03 has beenassigned a value of PAand sign B16 wasoriginally assigned avalue of PA2, correctlyBA, but later changed inerror to QA. The firstword on the Axe ofArkalochori is βασιλεύς,thus negating in LinearB the transcription qasi-re-u which is correctlyba-si-leu-s.
In Linear B signs, themeaning is often not thevertical line but usuallythe other sign elements.In B16 it is an abstracthead with ears placed atthe top of the vertical.
Cypriotsyllabary:
�PA
Cypriotsyllabary:
� PU"scraping tool"scraper above line as earthviz. the ground Linear B
�(03)
PA
�(16) Sign B16 onceread as PA2,now read inerror as QA.Correct isBA Phaistos Disk
�PASome thinkthis to be thePeleset,[1]people ofKeftiu, Crete.More likelyis "warrior" πολεμιστήςπολεμίζωThracian"peltast"πελταστήςlater Greekὁπ[o]λίτηςhoplitēs The Axe of Arkalochori.(2 drawing variants)�or�PA Warrior image found atWilliam H. Stiebing, Jr.,Invasions of the SeaPeoples,Bibl. Arch. ReviewThe warrior imagesuggests a warrior sign Old Elamite:
PA
Theabstractedsign in OldElamiteshows thehead andneck in profileview. Sumerian PAR2BAR"sharp tool,pick, head?"(Jaritz #118) PA2BA"division,scrapingtool"(Jaritz #005)
[1] The Peleset are listed in the hieroglyphs of Egypt among the so-called Sea Peoples. These hieroglyphs are reproduced below from the Wikipedia. The erroneous mainstream scholarship reading of those Egyptian hieroglyphs is n3 ḫ3t.w n p3 ym (try pronouncing that artificial notation !), allegedly meaning "Sea Peoples" or "People of Foreign Lands". The hieroglyphs are followed by a list of ethnic names. My reading of those same hieroglyphs shows the corrected reading to result in terms strikingly similar to Greek. Ponder what the following hieroglyphic readings tell us about Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphs in terms of Ancient Greek connections generally. n3 ḫ3t.w n p3 ymAn- thro- po- n- y- my hydro (or) naiya peir-aikos (peir-as)ἀνθρω [ἀνθρώπων]...ἐπωνυμιa... (Ναιά, νᾶμα, ὕδωρ)...πειραικός (πεῖρας)= Names of peoples of the border countries beyond the limit (mouth) of the Nile.Note: The Nile: in Ancient Egyptian iteru or Ḥ'pī [Latvian upe "river], Coptic piaro (Sahidic) or phiaro (Bohairic).The Egyptian hieroglyph for the Mediterranean is (in my reading ἀέξω (αὔξω) εὐρεῖα naiya peiras viz. ἀέξω εὐρεῖα nama/hydro peiras meaning "great wide river limit" viz. "mouth of the Nile") and for the Nile is [ (hydro) which is the same as Greek ὕδωρ "udro-, hydro, water" viz. νᾶμα "nama" or naiya (Ναιάς). Nama in Greek means anything flowing, running water, stream, spring, and could have the same N-root as Greek Νεῖλος for "Nile" as in ὕδος
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/xwC5JtIQB6Q/11-syllable-pa-origins-of-writing-in.html
Ancient Greek terms are taken primarily from the following sources:The online Perseus Digital Library, Gregory R. Crane, Editor-in-Chief, Tufts University at http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/, which wrote on December 13, 2010:
"The Perseus Digital Library is pleased to publish TEI XML digital editions for Plutarch, Athenaeus, the Greek Anthology, Elegy and Iambus and for most of Lucian. This increases the available Plutarch from roughly 100,000 to the surviving 1,150,000 words. Athenaeus and the Greek Anthology are new within the Perseus Digital Library, with roughly 270,000 and 160,000 words of Greek. The 13,000 words for J.M. Edmonds Elegy and Iambus include both the surviving poetic quotations and major contexts in which these poems are quoted. The 200,000 words of Lucian represent roughly 70% of the surviving works attributed to that author. In all, this places more than 1.6 million words of Greek in circulation. With this release, we have also changed the license for opensource texts to Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike, removing the non-commercial restriction that we adopted in March 2006 when we first began making our XML source texts available under a CC license. See our post on the Stoa Consortium blog for full details on the release."Henry George Liddell & Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon, rev. and augm. by Sir Henry Stuart Jones & Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940, Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, Gregory R. Crane, Editor-in-Chief, http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3Dpe%2Fleku
The above also includes the Greek Dictionary Headword Search Results, so that a search e.g. for the root of my surname Kaulins, entering "kaul" gives the following results, showing how this tool can be used for research:
καυλεῖον LSJ 0 0 [unavailable] καυλέω LSJ 30 0 form a stalk καυληδόν LSJ 0 0 like a stalk καυλίας LSJ 0 0 extracted from a stalk καυλικός LSJ 0 0 like a stalk, cauline καυλίνης LSJ 0 0 a kind of καύλινος LSJ, Middle Liddell 0 0 made of a stalk καυλίον LSJ 0 0 sea-weed καυλίσκος LSJ 1 1 branch of a candlestick καυλίζομαι LSJ 0 0 have a shaft καυλοειδής LSJ 0 0 like a stem καυλοφορέω LSJ 0 0 run to stalk καυλοκινάρα LSJ 0 0 artichoke stem, καυλοκλυστήρ LSJ 0 0 [unavailable] καυλοκοπία LSJ 0 0 cutting of stalks καυλομύκητες LSJ, Middle Liddell 0 0 stalk-fungi καυλοπώλης LSJ 0 0 greengrocer καυλός LSJ, Middle Liddell, Autenrieth 63 33 spear-shaft καυλώδης LSJ 0 0 running to stem καυλωτός LSJ 0 0 with a stalk [emphasis added to most frequent entry] Lexilogos, Ancient Greek Dictionary online by Xavier Negre, which searches both in the above-cited Perseus database as well as Woodhouse's English-Greek Dictionary, located at The University of Chicago Library http://www.lexilogos.com/english/greek_ancient_dictionary.htm
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/SCFkOmYRAiQ/10-origins-of-writing-in-western.html
H. Cypriot Syllabary, Linear B Signs and Ancient Greek Terms
The signs of the Cypriot Syllabary and the Linear B Signs used in this work are taken from the Aegean Font, which does not reproduce online via Blogger, so I use scans for online purposes.
Software for the Aegean Font in Microsoft Word was the BabelMap Unicode Character Map for Windows, BabelMap Version 6.0.0.2, Windows 2000/XP/Vista/7Build, Copyright (c) Andrew West 2002-2010, http://www.BabelStone.co.uk/Software/BabelMap.html.
The Aegean Font is from George Douros, Kolokotroni 3, Larissa 41223, Greece, as Unicode Fonts for Ancient Scripts, Copyright (c) George Douros 2010, and provides:"Fonts in ‘Unicode Fonts for Ancient Scripts’ are offered free for any use; they may be opened, edited, modified, regenerated, posted, packaged and redistributed."As concerns the Aegean font as written at BabelMap:"Aegean covers the following scripts and symbols supported by The Unicode Standard 5.2: Basic Latin, Greek and Coptic, Greek Extended, some Punctuation and other Symbols, Linear B Syllabary, Linear B Ideograms, Aegean Numbers, Ancient Greek Numbers, Ancient Symbols, Phaistos Disc, Lycian, Carian, Old Italic, Ugaritic, Old Persian, Cypriot Syllabary, Phoenician, Lydian, and Archaic Greek Musical Notation.
Aegean allocates in the Supplementary Private Use Plane 15, the following scripts and symbols, as yet unsupported by Unicode: Cretan Hieroglyphs, Cypro-Minoan, Linear A, the Arkalochori Axe, Ancient Greek and Old Italic variant alphabets.
In this version:• Cretan Hieroglyphs are redesigned and expanded to cover signs on seals.• Cypro-Minoan is entirely new and in agreement with the latest edition of the inscriptions.• Idalion, Akanthou, Eteocypriot, Ancient and Recent Paphian variants of the Cypriot Syllabary are available as its Open Type Stylistic Sets I-V."Useful for the Cypriot syllabary was T.B. Mitford, The Tsepsis Stele and some Others, St. Andrews University, http://campus.usal.es/~revistas_trabajo/index.php/0544-3733/article/viewFile/2769/2810
Palaeolexicon -- a word study tool of ancient languages -- was used as the source for Cypriot and Linear B words as found in the Cypriot Syllabic Word Index http://www.palaeolexicon.com/default.aspx?static=12&wid=305# and the Linear B Word Index http://www.palaeolexicon.com/default.aspx?static=12&wid=305#.
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/oImRjVdJBk8/9-origins-of-writing-in-western.html
G. Sumerian Pictographs and Egyptian Hieroglyphs as Syllabic Signs
An examination of comparable Sumerian pictographs and Egyptian hieroglyphs as syllabic signs seemed logical given the legends relating to Greek letters, which suggest a foreign origin to Greek script.
If it were possible that the Minoan Aegean signs were similar to Old Elamite script, i.e. an ancient connection by sea to Elam (today's Iran) via merchant trade, then some ancient relationship to Sumerian signs in the Ancient Near East was also possible. Moreover, given the legend of Cadmus bringing the Greek letters to Greece via Egypt, it seemed worthwhile to also look at comparable Pharaonic hieroglyphs.
In this connection various online sites were used as resources. A glossary of Sumerian terms is found e.g. at the ETCSL (Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature) but that source is very weak because it does provide the original signs -- so that one can not check whether transcriptions and transliterations are correct.
Patrick C. Ryan [7] provides a Sumerian Archaic Sign Table and a Sumerian Sign Value Register as well as Proto-Language Monosyllables with Correspondent Sumerian and Egyptian Signs, all of which are quite valuable as resources for the signs themselves, although I sometimes disagree strongly with the analysis given by Jaritz and Ryan to the meanings and origins of the signs, some of which are better clarified here through an analysis of comparable Minoan Aegean signs. Nevertheless, given the dearth of sign materials online for Sumerian, Ryan's online resources are of significant importance for providing essential Sumerian materials and he must be commended for recognizing that these signs and symbols are related to other languages of the world. Sumerian signs are cited to their Jaritz number. Ryan writes:
"The sign numbers are those of Jaritz' Schriftarchäologie der altmesopotamischen Kultur (1967). Unfortunately, the register materials in this book were not carefully proofed before publication so an unknown number of errors are present. I have made many corrections as I have found them but there are undoubtedly more errors present. Where I have discovered a questionable sign number assignment for a reading, I have placed a question mark after it. In some cases, the sign reading or its proper subscript may be in question, or the subscript may not be known by me, which sign reading also bears a question mark."The Wikipedia has numerous pages on Egyptian hieroglyphs, see e.g. Gardiner's Sign List, the A-L list and M-Z list. Other resources are cited when used in this text.
[7] It was on Patrick C. Ryan's suggestion that I started the online group ACE (Ancient Cultures Explored) in 1997 to replace the defunct ANE list at the University of Chicago. ACE was changed in 1999 to the LexiLine list, which still exists today online, primarily as a newsletter on the History of Civilization. See http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/message/595 and http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/LexiLine/message/1403 andhttp://lexiline.blogspot.com/2002_03_01_archive.html.
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/Bpdib9ERw5w/8-origins-of-writing-in-western.html
Right now, prior to the presentation of the syllabic grid, it is sufficient to know that an Elamite connection may not be as far-fetched as it may appear at first glance. To that purpose, the following rock carving on a cliff in Elam is illustrative.
An Ancient Rock Carving of Elamite [6] Royalty Suggests a Western Element
The Elamite connection to Crete and to Minoan culture is more easily understood when one has more fundamental knowledge of things such as the ancient rock drawings of Elam, which show early Elamites in dress different than other inhabitants of this region. There is a distinct "Western" look, with women given equal standing on monuments, an equal standing also found in antiquity on Crete artefacts, in early Greek culture and even on early Dynastic Pharaonic Egyptian monuments, but for all purposes lacking in the ancient cultures of the Ancient Near East.
[6] This photograph was found at http://www.zorpia.com/Vistapars/journal/1755777 where it is written "Ayapir - Izeh, Khozestan. Originally called Ayapir, Izeh is known for its large number of reliefs as the Town of Rock. Izeh is an ancient town located at the northwest of Ahvaz, it takes approximately 210 km from Ahvaz to Izeh by passing Ramhormoz and Baghemalek. This ancient town has the biggest gathered collection of archaeological sites and monuments, for instance; Sabz ali and Zebarjad tepes which refer to Zarzian period and the rock bas-relief galleries which show special religious scenes. The Izeh Plain and the town of Izeh viewed from Eshkafte Soleiman: The Eshkafte Soleiman, Elamite carvings."
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/qA7XGJOl7dg/7-origins-of-writing-in-western.html
Accordingly, the ancient record tells us that the initial Greek letters, which constitute the origins of writing in Western Europe, were viewed as a conglomeration of inputs. The first Greek letters viz. signs were taken from ancient sources.
One of the inventors of Greek letters mentioned by Hyginus has a clear connection to Crete: he is Palamedes, son of Nauplius and Clymene ("Asia"), the daughter of Catreus, king of Crete, son of the first king of Crete, Minos, and grandfather of Menelaus, the Greek husband of Helen of Troy. Catreus of Crete was thus the grandfather of Palamedes, an important name in the history of writing.
Grandfather Catreus had many children. He gave his two daughters to a merchant mariner, Nauplius, to be married off in foreign lands, but Nauplius allegedly took Clymene for himself and sailed off into the sunset. Where did they go?
Clymene in ancient Greek sources is also called Asia, which some allege is how the continent Asia got its name, thus pointing to a possible geographic Asian destiny. Indeed, Herodotus is puzzled by Ancient Greek usage of women's names to describe large areas such as Asia or Europe (Europa of Tyre). Is the answer "royal settlement", by which the daughters of the Greek king so married gave their names to regions?
It is Clymene's son Palamedes who subsequently surfaces (from a thus far unknown location) as the greatest Greek inventor of antiquity, for Palamedes not only allegedly invented eleven of the Greek letters, but it is also said that he invented counting, currency, weights and measures, military ranks, dice, pessoi (a type of chess), and made improvements in winemaking (an art perhaps originating in Iran).
Amazing -- and generally unbelievable -- but all this could be true in the ancient era if the inventions of Palamedes were obtained by technology transfer from a foreign land. After all, the Roman Mercury (Greek Hermes) is "the bringer of letters", and Mercury also has the same meaning as "merchant". These inventions were thus arguably brought to Greece from a distant land via travelling merchants, just as suggested by the story of Catreus and his daughter Clymene and merchant Nauplius.
As we have discovered, this foreign land is (or could be) Elam, the land – as we claim here - where the couple Clymene and Nauplius from Crete ultimately settled.
Elam is the land in which letters were first stamped onto clay, just as on the Phaistos Disk, but long before the Minoans of Crete. An existing technology was thus -- in our opinion -- imported to ancient Crete from one of the most ancient cultures of the Ancient Near East. We will discuss this idea in detail subsequently.
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/J_Q5YHyUrJ0/6-origins-of-writing-in-western.html
I gave a syllabic value of LI to the flying bird sign on the Phaistos Disk 30 years ago, not knowing of the existence of the archaic Ancient Greek term ἁλιάετος "osprey, sea eagle", a term now serving as "internal" confirmation of the correct decipherment of that syllable (then based on Latvian LIdo "to fly"). As written at creteuguide.info:
"On the south coast, near Matala, you can find ospreys.... In Minoan times, Matala was most likely the port for the Palace of Phaistos, which is about 10 km north of the village." [emphasis added]F. The Elamite Connection to Crete and the Origin of Writing in the Western World (or) Who Discovered Ancient Greek Letters? [5]
The subsequent syllabic grid includes a column of signs and symbols from two Old Elamite scripts, which this author has deciphered to be Ancient Greek. The appropriate decipherments follow in this work subsequent to the syllabic grid. How could there possibly be any connection of Crete to far distant Elam, now a part of modern Iran? Sampled scholars tend to reject this hypothesis without thinking. What about the hypothesis that Minoan texts came to Crete via ancient seafaring merchants trading with Elam? It is after all at Elam that the technology of stamping letters into clay is first found, archaeologically speaking. Is this a case of technology transfer?
There is in fact ancient -- legendary -- source material about the discovery of ancient Greek letters which points clearly to technology transfer from one or more ancient locations. Is there an element of truth in these old accounts? How much?
Gaius Julius Hyginus (ca. 64 BC – AD 17), who lived at the time of Christ, passed on many Greek tales in unadulterated form in his Fabulae, of which tale Number 277 deals with "Ancient Inventors". He wrote as follows:
"CCLXXVII. FIRST INVENTORS. The Parcae, Clotho, Lachesis, and Atropos invented seven Greek letters - A B H T I Y. Others say that Mercury invented them from the flight of cranes, which, when they fly, form letters. Palamedes, too, son of Nauplius, invented eleven letters; Simonides, too, invented four letters – Ó E Z PH; Epicharmus of Sicily, two - P and PS. The Greek letters Mercury is said to have brought to Egypt, and from Egypt Cadmus took them to Greece. Cadmus in exile from Arcadia, took them to Italy, and his mother Carmenta changed them to Latin to the number of 15. Apollo on the lyre added the rest...." [emphasis for Palamedes added][5] This material is adapted from Andis Kaulins, The Phaistos Disc: An Ancient Enigma Solved: Two corroborative Old Elamite scripts can be deciphered using the Greek syllabic values obtained for the Phaistos Disc by A. Kaulins in 1980, International Conference on the Phaistos Disk, London, Society of Antiquaries, Burlington House, October 31, 2008,
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/VPhgGnwaOtc/5-origins-of-writing-in-western.html
E. Structure of the Seven-Column Syllabic Grid of the Kaulins Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (MinAegCon)
The Syllabic Grid of the Kaulins Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (MinAegCon) has a table format of seven columns which are filled with text and images for the purpose of providing the greatest amount of information in the smallest possible area. This design permits quick and effective presentation and analysis of the alleged common genetic interlock of syllabic signs from the various sources. The reader can see at a glance the signs under discussion and their syllabic values, including comments about the words (and the objects) from which the syllables originated
A sample row from the seven-column table is shown below for the syllable LI.1. The first column in the table identifies the syllable in question.2. The second column gives the comparable sign in the Cypriot Syllabary and its currently accepted syllabic reading.3. The third column provides the comparable Linear B sign together with its currently accepted syllabic reading and, where required, its corrected reading, especially for /R/ and /L/ phonemes and the Q-based and J-based syllables.4. The fourth column provides the comparable sign on the Phaistos Disk.5. The fifth column provides the comparable sign on the Axe of Arkalochori.6. The sixth column provides the comparable sign in Old Elamite script.7. The seventh column provides Sumerian pictographs and/or Egyptian hieroglyphs which could be considered to be genetically related, showing a potential line of development from Sumerian to Elamite to Minoan script. Blogger does not reproduce Aegean Font Signs or Microsoft Word .doc images online.
Creating special embedded links for them would involve a great deal of time.
Hence, I first show the Word table excerpt as a scanned image (links not active).
Below that is the original table with Aegean Fonts and images missing, but active links.
The reader thus has the complete info, but not the complete publication,
which will be published in due time in full elsewhere.Plus, having each syllable as a separate image has advantages for users. This notice appears only once, not on subsequent postings in this series.
The Syllable LI in the Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (by Andis Kaulins)
LIA sign of the osprey orsea eagle, in archaicGreek called ἁλιάετοςand in Linear B anabstracted sign oftalons, beak and wings.
Considered for Linear Bbut discarded was thealternative of a flowerlike the Madonna lilyλείριον. The lily isamong the most ancientcultivated ornamentalflowers. In Crete it wasthe most frequent floralmotif of Minoan art...the sacred flower...
Cypriotsyllabary:
��LI
ἁλιάετοςThe sign could be a bird in the air with the line below the wing element representing the ground, i.e. the earth. Linear B:Is read as RAIin error (33)LIἁλιάετοςan abstractedsign of talons,beak andwings.
In Linear Bnot E-RAI- butE-LAI- for ἔλαιον"olive oil". Phaistos Disk��LI
ἁλιάετοςarchaic"sea eagle,osprey" On the southcoast, nearMatala, youcan findospreys."creteuguide.info -continue atcolumn right No comparable Axe sign
Wikipedia Osprey image
"In Minoan times,Matala was most likelythe port for the Palaceof Phaistos, which isabout 10 km north ofthe village." crete-guide.info Elamite:
LI
This signhas anuncertaindepiction. Is it asimplifiedabstracteddrawing ofa bird wing,talon preyand sky? Sumerian LID or LIT(Jaritz #759)beak andbird head?
EgyptianHieroglyphs
Aἁλιάετοςnot Horus
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(continued from Origins of Writing: Ancient Sign Concordance 2)
Not everyone will accord with exactly that exceptional laudatory sentiment, but the importance of the Linear B decipherment is undoubted. Accordingly, although some decipherment improvements in Mycenaean Greek are suggested subsequently in the course of this article, this takes nothing away from the genius of the original decipherment work. Whatever is done always builds on the work of others.
C. The /L/ and /R/ Phonemes in Mycenaean Greek Linear B Script
What kinds of improvements are going to be suggested in this work?
The subsequent table of Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance contains numerous improvements, especially in the analysis of the origin of the signs.
That analysis shows, for example, that Linear B script had both an /R/ and an /L/ phoneme and also R-based and L-based syllabic signs. An L phoneme is currently negated in Linear B by classical philologists, but this unfortunate view does not bear up to critical scrutiny. Currently, R-based syllables are applied erroneously in Linear B to words clearly containing the /L/ phoneme in both modern and Ancient Greek.
In Linear B the following well-known examples can be cited:
the current transcription QA-SI-RE-U is transliterated as βασιλεύς
the current transcription A-PI-QO-RO is transliterated as αμφίπολοι, and
the current transcription QO-U-KO-RO is transliterated as βουκόλοι.
As shown subsequently by the Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance, Mycenaean Greek in fact had both an /R/ phoneme and an /L/ phoneme. A correct syllabic grid of Linear B must therefore include the syllabic values LA, LE, LI, LO, and LU. The syllabic grid of Ventris and Chadwick does not do this and is thus erroneous on that score. The missing L-based syllables are provided in this work.
D. Multiple Sources are used to determine the Origin of Syllabic Signs
The syllabic grid which follows subsequently in this work is a giant leap forward in the analysis of ancient syllabic scripts. Ventris created a syllabic grid applicable only to Linear B, while the syllabic grid presented here covers six different sources, all in one inter-connected syllabic grid: 1) the Cypriot Syllabary, 2) Linear B, 3) the Phaistos Disk, 4) the Axe of Arkalochori, 5) two Old Elamite Scripts, and 6) comparable syllabic signs in Sumerian pictographs and Egyptian hieroglyphs. This produces a symbiotic syllabic grid system with countervailing checks and balances.
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/Tlt5RTqFo9E/3-origins-of-writing-in-western.html
(continued from Origins of Writing: Ancient Sign Concordance 1)
In addition, written signs and symbols permit the creation of "languages" whose function far exceeds the limits of human speech. Modern software programming languages, for example, apply written symbols as "machine language" to a host of hardware applications that would be impossible without writing. In human history, the digital revolution was preceded by the writing revolution, the discovery of script.
Without the advent of writing, the mass of mankind would languish in ignorance, as it still does today in regions marked by illiteracy. The written word opened up a magic reservoir of human talents and abilities from which many of us on this planet profit every day. Whatever the origins of writing may be, we are indebted to the men and women who invented, introduced and dispersed this technology to the world.
B. Michael Ventris, John Chadwick and the Decipherment of Minoan Linear B as Mycenaean Greek
When Michael Ventris deciphered Minoan Linear B as Mycenaean Greek, it was a landmark achievement that opened the doors of understanding to a previously closed world. Ancient Mycenaean Greek is written communication that represents the initial stages of writing in the Western world. This was the dawn of modern man.
Ventris, an amateur classical scholar whose profession was actually that of an architect, was -- after the initial decipherment -- assisted in his efforts by John Chadwick, a Greek philologist at Cambridge University, culminating in the joint publication of the pioneering Documents in Mycenaean Greek. [4] That publication enabled a much greater understanding of our common historical "written heritage". Ventris and Chadwick (and also previous Linear B researchers such as Alice Kober) thus revealed to us some of the mysteries of the origins of writing in Western Civilization. Andrew Robinson wrote as follows about this singular achievement:
"Experts dubbed Ventris’s decipherment the Everest of Greek archaeology. An American classicist remarked, Mr. Ventris would have no trouble getting a job as scribe for King Minos. A French scholar [Georges Dumézil, upon hearing of the untimely early death of Ventris:], noted, devant les siècles son oeuvre est faite (in the centuries to come his reputation is secure). Today, his achievement ranks above even the nineteenth-century reading of Egyptian hieroglyphic and Babylonian cuneiform, or the late twentieth-century reading of the Mayan glyphs of Central America, as the greatest intellectual triumph in archaeological decipherment."
[4] Michael Ventris and John Chadwick, Documents in Mycenaean Greek, Volume I, 1956 (1st edition), corrected 1959; Volume II, 1973 (the 2nd edition consists of both volumes).
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This posting starts a series of postings that I will be making throughout the year regarding my sign concordance of ancient scripts, a "meshing" of ancient pictographic, hieroglyphic and syllabic scripts which will provide everyone a highly useful tool for future and further study of the origins of writing on our planet by ancient cultures. There will also be new decipherments.
There is very little doubt, based on my work, that the scripts of antiquity in my concordance point to a single origin and that they all retain very visible elements of their common ancestry.
It is a very ambitious project, indeed, so ambitious that even I can say in advance that there will be many aspects of this work that will need to be improved in the course of time. And there will be errors. That is unavoidable. But this is the beginning. One has to start. You have to take the first step.
The Origins of Writing in Western Civilization and the Kaulins Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance (MinAegCon™) [1]: A Syllabic Grid of Mycenaean Greek Linear B Script, the Cypriot Syllabary, the Phaistos Disk, two Old Elamite Scripts, the Inscription on the Axe of Arkalochori, and Comparable Signs from Sumerian Pictographs and Egyptian Hieroglyphs
by Andis Kaulins [2]
The origin of writing in Western Civilization was a technological quantum leap without which our modern world would not be possible. This publication unravels more of the mystery of how written script came to the Western world.
I. An Introduction to the Minoan Aegean Sign Concordance
A. Communication History and the David W. Packard Minoan Legacy
The importance of the study of ancient writing -- a fascinating field in its own right --is often underestimated. The origin of script impacts modern technology and the methods of modern digital science. Consider, for example, that David W. Packard, co-founder of Hewlett-Packard Co., wrote his dissertation on Minoan Linear A. [3]
Communication between human beings is the fundamental essence of the spoken languages of mankind. When those languages were put into written form, the scope of communication expanded beyond the immediate audience of listeners to all those humans who can read whatever is written. Modern communication depends a lot on literacy. Just think of Facebook and Twitter. Moreover, the written word not only communicates, but it also records human expression and knowledge for posterity.
[1] The acronym MinAegCon (TM) was coined as a trademark on December 27, 2010. A Google search gave no hits on that same day. MinAegCon can be used to cite to this work, together with the name of the author, location and year: Andis Kaulins, Germany 2011.[2] J.D. (Doctor of Jurisprudence) Stanford University Law School. Former FFA Lecturer in Anglo-American Law, Legal Research and Legal Writing, University of Trier Law School. Co-author of the Langenscheidt & Routledge German-English, English-German Dictionary of Business, Commerce and Finance (4th ed. 2010). Author of: The Phaistos Disc: Hieroglyphic Greek with Euclidean Dimensions (Darmstadt, 1980), The Phaistos Disc: An Ancient Enigma Solved: Two corroborative Old Elamite scripts can be deciphered using the Greek syllabic values obtained for the Phaistos Disc by A. Kaulins in 1980, International Conference on the Phaistos Disk, London, Society of Antiquaries, Burlington House, October 31, 2008, Stars Stones and Scholars: The Decipherment of the Megaliths, Trafford, 2003 & 2006; Zum Ursprung des Horus-Glaubens im vordynastischen Ägypten (The Origin of the Cult of Horus in Predynastic Egypt), Efodon Synesis, 2005; Sternensteine - Darstellungen frühgeschichtlicher Astronomie am Beispiel der Externsteine (Star Stones - Prehistoric Astronomy and the Extern Stones), Forschungskreis Walther Machalett für Vor und Frühgeschichte, 2005; Die Himmelsscheibe von Nebra : Beweisführung und Deutung (The Sky Disk of Nebra: Evidence and Interpretation), Efodon Synesis, 2005; Der Bodenhimmel der Oesterholzer Mark um die Spitze der "Externsteinpyramide" (A Megalithic Sky Map at Oesterholz), Efodon Synesis, 2006; Das Tanum System - ein alteuropäisches Vermessungssystem? (The Tanum System: Ancient Seafarers as Megalithic Surveyors of Europe and Africa), Forschungskreis Externsteine., 2007; Der Osnabrücker Bodenhimmel (The Hermetic Planisphere at Osnabrück), Forschungskreis Externsteine, 2008.[3] David W. Packard, Minoan Linear A, University of California Press in Berkeley, California, 1974.
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Cyprus Digs Reveal First Settlements May Be Older Than Thought « Ancientfoods
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Minoan Sign Concordance Forthcoming
Standing the archaeological world on its pomegranate.
(the Aegean Unicode signs and symobls do not yet resolve properly here under Blogger but you can find them at the LexiLine posting)
Here is the teaser to get everyone's interest out there:
(copyright by Andis Kaulins as original work, except for the Aegean Fonts by George Douros, the cited texts and linked images and Ancient Greek definitions of words from Liddell-Scott): (Update: I see from original posting that Blogger is not reproducing the Douros Unicode fonts which show the signs and symbols involved so I will be working to correct this so that the actual concordance postings will show those signs and symbols)
REῬέα (Rhea)ῥόαhttp://archaeology.about.comwrites that "pomegranate-shaped vases have been foundat Phaistos and Knossos on Creteby the Middle Minoan period(ca 18th century BC)".This pomegranate identificationwas a surprisebut is confirmed in Linear A. RA2 or RYA in Linear B.��(76)Prunedpomegranate tree(s)withtrellis?
ῥόαCypriot syllabary:��re Phaistos Disk��ῥοώδηςA wedgeof pomegranateLiddell-Scott:"knob ...like a pomegranate... tassel of like shape" No similar sign on the Axe.
See the Image showing pomegranate wedges on a sliced pomegranate at http://rubyredpomegranates.co.uk/how-to-eat.html--- Old Elamite IR according to one source.See the image at that link.
The image is "wedge-shaped" representing a horse collar yoke oxbowἐώρα
"halter" Wikipedia Rhea (mythology):the RU+JA sign combination meaning pomegranateis attestedin Linear A.
Pomegranates were not only an important Aegean food but also had symbolic value.
[1] Linear A, Glossary, Wikipedia, writes "RU+JA (the two signs joined together into a ligature): pomegranate, same as Classic Greek rhoia (or Rhea)." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_A
The Origin of Writing in Western Civilization represents the great turning point in the development of humanity in the modern age.
I am on track to explain how it happened and my research will elevate inquiry into this field at least one notch, if not more.
I have finished the Minoan Sign Concordance in its basic form and will start publishing the results -- sign by sign -- with one sign per posting -- either at year end 2010 or the start of the New Year 2011, depending on when I find time to do it.
This Concordance to begin with will not "decipher" any text as such, but will only show HOW the signs of Linear B, the Phaistos Disk symbols, the Cypriot Syllabary, Old Elamite texts and the inscription on the Axe of Arkalochori were DERIVED and how all can be shown to originate in ONE central syllabic Ancient Greek language system, comprising a system which by and large retains the values now in use in Linear B, but which also shows the language foundation from which the syllabic values emerged.
Using this Concordance, serious scholars should in the future be able to reproduce Minoan decipherments on their own by applying the syllabic values obtained to the texts in question.
I specifically exclude Linear A from the Concordance, as it is a special case to which I have not yet directed enough attention.
I wish everyone the happiest of holidays.
Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year,
and Happy Holidays to those of other Faiths.
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The most frequently asked questions - Lake Dwelling Museum: "- Sent using Google Toolbar"
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/2iBK0lCcqAg/most-frequently-asked-questions-lake.html
ArchaeologyAshNews writes at Set Sail for Singapore! about the recent discovery of an ancient sailing vessel, the cargo of which convincingly proves ancient world seafaring long before the modern era. The posting is about:"[T]he 1998 discovery of a ninth-century shipwreck and its astonishing cargo of about 60,000 objects from Tang dynasty China, ranging from mass-produced ceramics to rare and extraordinary items of finely worked gold. The cargo had laid undisturbed on the ocean floor for more than 1,100 years until sea-cucumber divers discovered it off the coast of Indonesia's Belitung Island. The ship, an Arab dhow, and its contents confirm the existence of a direct maritime trade route (alluded to in ancient Chinese and Arabic texts) from China to the Persian Gulf and beyond-well before the Portuguese set sail in the 15th century."
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/whburusj0Ws/ancient-seafaring-at-archaeologyashnews.html
This is a bit dated, but still good to read for background.How Africa Became Black | Archaeology | DISCOVER Magazine"Africa's racial history was not necessarily its racial destiny. To unravel the story of Africa's past, you must not only look at its faces but listen to its languages and harvest its crops."by Jared DiamondFrom the February 1994 issue; published online February 1, 1994"
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/g1jCbakHXmg/peoples-of-africa-at-discover-magazine.html
Moses and Exodus and Kings of Egypt and Judah
Quizzes by Quibblo.com
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/TBgt7JWndMA/quibblo-quiz-on-moses-and-exodus-and.html
Michael Day reports in Science News at The Independent that Five millennia on, Iceman of Bolzano gives up DNA secrets, as Oetzi's complete genome has been sequenced. No further data is provided.
We know from a previous study that Oetzi's mtDNA is K1, a subcluster of mitochondrial Haplogroup K (mtDNA).
The full results of the new research will be announced in 2011.
See also
Jay Stone, BioNews.org.uk Otzi Iceman's DNA sequenced
Dienekes' Anthropology Blog Tyrolean Iceman had mtDNA haplogroup K1
and in Latvian
Sekvenēts pilnīgs 5300 gadus senā Alpu «ledus cilvēka» Otci genoms
http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/blogspot/Giks/~3/E_MRTKyuJAQ/dna-developments-genome-of-glacier-man.html
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