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militarism - the principle or policy of maintaining a large military establishment. - Triple Alliance- the alliance formed by Austria-Hungary, Germany , and Italy - Kaiser Wilhem II - German Emperor - triple Entente- The Alliance between Britain, France, and Russia - Central Powers - Germany and Austria-Hungary - Allies- the powers of the Triple Entente (Great Britain, France, Russia) - Western Front- Western Front was a term used during the First and Second World Wars to describe the "contested armed frontier" between lands controlled by Germany to the East and the Allies to the West - Schlieffen Plan - The Schlieffen Plan was the German General Staff's early 20th century overall strategic plan for victory in a possible future war where it might find itself fighting on two fronts - Trench Warfare - combat in which each side occupies a system of protective trenches. - Eastern Front - Battle front to the east - Unrestricted submarine warfare - Unrestricted submarine warfare is a type of naval warfare in which submarines sink merchant ships without warning - Total War - a war in which every available weapon is used and the nation's full financial resources are devoted - Rationing - a fixed allowance of provisions or food, esp. for soldiers or sailors or for civilians during a shortage - propaganda - the deliberate spreading of such information, rumors, etc. - armistice - a temporary suspension of hostilities by agreement of the warring parties; truce: World War I ended with the armistice of 1918. - Woodrow wilson - 28th president of the U.S. 1913–21 - Georges Clemenceau- french statesman, journalist, and editor - Fourteen Points - a statement of the war aims of the Allies, made by President Wilson on January 8, 1918. - Self-determination - freedom to live as one chooses, or to act or decide without consulting another or others. - Treaty of Versailes - The treaty that officially ended World War I, signed at the Palace of Versailles in France. The leading figures at the treaty negotiations were Premier Georges Clemenceau of France, Prime Minister David Lloyd George of Britain, and President Woodrow Wilson of the United States. The treaty was far more punitive toward Germany than Wilson's Fourteen Points; it required Germany to give up land and much of its army and navy and to pay extensive reparations for damages to civilians in the war. The treaty also created the League of Nations. - League of Nations- an international organization to promote world peace and cooperation that was created by the Treaty of Versailles (1919): dissolved April 1946.
when the Great Purge ended in 1938 Stalin took control of the Soviet Government and the Communist party
Stalin launched the Great Purge
1/4 of all Americans had no jobs.
Stalin's Plan called for a command economy, a system where the government made all economic decisions
the government began to seize over 25 million privately owned farms in the USSR
An American poet living in England wrote that western society has lost its spiritual values.
Lenin suffered a stroke in 1922.
Joseph Stalin becomes dictator in 1922
Americas economy failed
Germany's new democratic government was set up in 1919
The western powers signed seperate peace traties in 1919 and 1920
the league was to be an international association whose goal would be to keep peace among nations
Kaiser Wilhem II steps down
The Allies and the Germans clashed at the Second battle of the Marne. Allied Strength- 44 French divisions 8 American divisions 4 British divisions 2 Italian divisions 408 heavy guns 360 field batteries and 346 tanks. The Germans fought with 52 divisions 609 heavy guns and 1,047 field batteries.
German Forces reach the Marne River.
Russia and Germany signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
While the war was still raging President Wilson had drawn up a series of peace proposals.
Without warning armed factory workers stormed the Winter Palace in Petrograd
The focus of the war shifted to the high seas.
Men and Women were declared equal
The first of the new governments were formed in Russia.
nearly 5.5 million Russian soldiers had been wounded, killed, or taken prisoner.
The government in Beijing hoping for an allied victory declared was against Germany.
President Wilson asked congress to declare war on Germany.
Women Textile workers in Petrograd led a citywide strike.
civil unrest occurs in Russia
Began in 1891 and was completed in 1916
A group of nobles murdered Rasputin
The slaughter reached a peak in 1916
Nicolas Moved his headquarters to the war front.
Opposing enemies on the western front had dug miles of parallel lines to protect themselves from enemy fire. This set the stage for what became known as trench warfare.
millions of soldiers marched happily off to battle convinced that the war would be short.
Nicholas II made the faithful decision to drag Russia into World War I.
the battle lines were clearly drawn.
All the Great Powers except Britain had large standing armies.
Austro-Hungarian Franz Ferdinand and his wife were shot a point blank range by Gavrilo Princip, a 19 year old Serbian and member of the Black Hand a secret society committed to rid Bosnia of Austrian rule
Sun became president of the new republic of china
A foreign runner of the Kuomintang succeded in overthrowing the last emperor of the Qing dynasty who have ruled since 1644
The alliance between Britain France and Russia
The first Duma met on this date
In October 1905 Nicholas reluctantly promised more freedom
Einstein theorized that while the speed of light is constant other things that seem constant such as space and time arent
200,000 workers and their families approached the czar's winter palace in St. Petersburg. The Czar ordered soldiers to fire into the crowd 1000 were wounded and several hundred were killed
Russia faces a series of crises
Russian Marxists split into two groups over revolutionary tactics
Nicolas II became czar and he continued the tradition of Russian Autocracy
Russia formed a defensive military alliance with France
Bismarck forced to resign

