British unions wanted to improve the working conditions and pay for the factory workers. So they got the right to strike in a peaceful manner. It was 2 million strong and it did help improve the work.
Germany was politically divided in the early 1800's. Economic isolation and dispersed resources went around countrywide industrialization. Starting around 1835, Germany started copying Britain by importing their tools and good engineers and by sending their children to London to learn about their industrial management. The most important piece of the puzzle was railroads that linked to the major manufacturing cities. In the late 1870's Germany was known as an industrial giant.
The Northeast had a lot of industrial growth in the early 1800's, but the United states was still nowhere into technology because of the Civil War. When the Civil War ended in 1865, the US experienced a technological boom. There were many reasons because of this boom. The US had many natural resources like coal, oil, and iron. All used for machinery. The US also had many good inventors that invented the electric light bulb and the telephone. Also, the United States had a huge population that consumed the new goods.
Marxism was brought up to the world by Karl Marx, a German Journalist. He and Friedrich Engels sketched out their ideas and published them with the help of Engels' dad, owner of a textile mill. Their ideas were published in a pamphlet called, The Communist Manifesto. It produced very little results at first, but after a while it became big because it inspired many revolutionaries in the 1900's.
James Watt was a mathematical instrument maker at the University of Glasgow in Scotland. He wanted to improve a steam engine machine so that it wouldn't be so expensive to own one because they wasted a lot of fuel. He thought about it for two years and figured it out. He figured out how to make the steam engine faster and more efficient with less fuel.
John Kay was a mechanist that thought that the amount of work done by women in weaving was too slow and could be done at a faster and more efficient way. So he then invented the flying shuttle. It looked like a wooden shuttle with yarn attached to it and it went back and forth on some wheels. It did at least twice the amount a weaver could do in a day.
One of the first scientific farmers was Jethro Tull. He found out that the normal way of growing seeds was a waste because most of the seeds never grew. Jethro Tull then fixed this by inventing the seed drill, a machine that sowed the seeds in different deepness and in spaced rows. Because of his successful machine, more farmers had profitable crops. More supply more demand so the population grew as well.
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