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The Civil War was a war between the Confederacy in the south who believed in Slavery and the North who believed slavery was wrong. This war lasted 4 years. The North won making slavery illegal in The United States. The Confederate troops began the war by firing first at Fort Sumter.
Abraham Lincoln was Republican. He opposed Slavery because he thought it was evil. He grew up on a farm in Kentucky and married Mary Todd. He lost to Stephen douglas for senator, but gained e reputation this way. He had 4 kids but only one lived. He was assassinated at the beginning of his second term.
James Buchanan was from Northern Pennsylvania. He was a graduate from Dickinson College and learned law. He was the only president to never marry or have a 1st lady.
Dred Scott was a slave from Missouri who asked the Supreme Court to grant him freedom since he lived with his owner for time where slavery was illegal. The Supreme Court ruled that it was unconstitutional to give him freedom, because Black people were not allowed to be U.S. citizens. This angered the North.
Franklin Peirce was a democrat from New Hampshire. He served in the senate, House of representatives, and was an officer during the Mexican War. Peirce had three children but 2 of them died from sickness and the other one died in a train accident, this forced Peirce into a depression in his later life.
The Nebraska-Kansas Act created 2 new territories Nebraska and Kansas. This act was proposed by Stephen Douglas to win the approval of the Southern States for the Northern Railroad Route. It allowed people who lived in these territories to decide of they wanted slaves or not repealing the Missouri compromise. This led to formation of the republican Party.
The Compromise of 1850 was laws put together by Henry clay. These laws were made to please both the Northern Free States and the southern Slave States. They allowed California to be added as a free state, and banned slave trade in Washington D.C. to please the North. They allowed the territories of Utah and New Mexico to choose if they wanted to be free or slave states, and enforced the Fugitive State Law to please the South.
Millard Fillmore was born in 1800 in Finger Lakes country in New York. He practiced law in Buffalo in 1830 after marrying Abigail Powers. He was a whig and in the House of representatives before being elected as the vice president. He greatly opposed President lincoln in the civil war and died in 1874.
In 1848 gold was discovered in California.The gold rush lead to colonization in California and inspired Americans to move west.
Zachary Taylor was born in Virginia in 1784, but was raised on a platation in Kentucky. He spent 40 years in the army and battled the Indians on the Frontier His home was called Baton Ridge, Louisiana and owned a plantation in Mississippi. He died in july in 1850, his son Richard served in the Confederate Army as a general.
President Polk sent Congressmam John Slidell to Mexico City to offer 25 million dollars for part of Nothern Mexico. The Mexican Officails refused to talk to him leading to The Mexican War. In 1848 the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ended the Mexican War forcing Mexico to sell two fifths of their land to the United States for 15 million dollars.
James Polk was born in Tennessee and served as a governor, Rpresentative and in the Senate. He was a Demcrat who favored slavery and beleived in state's rights. He also supported the Manifest Destiny and stood for expansion of the United States. Polk died in June in 1849.
John Tyler was born in 1790 in Virginia. He studied law at the collge of WIlliam and Mary and served in the House of Representatives from 1816 to 1821. He served as the Governor of Virginia and in the Senate. John Tyler died in 1862 as a member of the Confederate House of Representatives.
Wlliam Henry Harrison was born in 1773 in Berkeley and studied medicin in Richmond. Harrison was the last president who born before the constitution and served only 32 days in office. He was involved in thearmy and suppotered Mad Anthony Wayne in the Battle of Fallen Timbers. He was very much agaisnt Indians and wanted to extend American settlement.
The pre-Emption Act gave squatters the rights to buy up to 160 acres of land for $1.25 per acre. This lead to millions of government land being owned privately. It also helped establish many new farms.
Martin Van Buren was born in Kinderhook New York on December 5, 1782. He was a lawyer in New York and was involved in the "Albany Regency". He was also elected into the senate in 1821.
The Panic of 1837 was a result of the closing of American Banks. This economic depression was cuased by Andrew Jackson when he tried to close the Bank of the United States although Martin Van Buren is often blamed for the depression. When the banks shut down many people lost life savings and buisnesses failed leading to the collapse of the economy.
This act required the Native Americans including the Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Seminole, and Chicasaw. The Cherokee Tribe was affected the most by this act. They were marched 1200 miles on the Trail Of Tears to the Indian reserve. 400 Cherokee died of starvation and disease on This trail.
Andrew Jackson was born on March 15, 1767 in the Waxhaw area, which is on the Carolina borders. He was an army general who defeated the British at the Battle of New Orleans. He also defeated the Creek Indians at the Battle of Horseshoe Bends. Andrew Jackson's nickname was "Old Hickory" because of his toughness. He was participated in over 100 gun duels, and died in Nashville TN.
This canal spanned 185 miles on the Potomac River. It went from Washington D.C. to Cumberland MD, and served as a main transportation route for coal. This canal was in service for neraly a decade but closed due to new technology like the steam powered train. This company was called the C&O Company and was a governmental project.
John Quincy Adams was born on July 11, 1767 to John Adams, America's 2nd president. He was born in Braintree Mass. and graduated from Harvard with a law degree. In 1797 he married Louisa Catherine Johnson and 6 years later was elected in the Senate. In 1814 he helped organize the Treaty of Ghent and in 1815 he become the minister to London. He died from a stroke on the floor of the White house in 1848
The Missouri Compromise was a compromise between the Northern free States and the Southern Slave States. The Compromise made Missouri a slave state and Maine a slave state. It also prohibited slavery North of Missouri's bottom border line in the Louisiana Territory. The Missouri Compromise was repelled in 1854 by the Kentucky- Nebraska Act.
James Monroe was a democratic Republican born in 1758 in Westmoreland, Virginia. He fought in the Continental Army and went to college at William and Mary were he learned law in Fredericksburg Virginia. Monroe was part of the anti- Federalists in the Virginia Convention, and served in the Congress of Confederation. He married Elizabeth Kortwright in 1786, and died in 1831 in New York due to tuberculosis.
2 Native American tribes including Tescumsen and Tensicwatawa wanted to stop white settlement in their territories. Harrison and 1000 U.S. soldiers beat these tribes on the Natives territories. The battle took place near the Wabash and Tippecanoe Rivers.
James Madison was a Democratic/Republican, he was from a Virginia were he lived on a large slave plantation called Montpelier.He attended Princeton, the collage of New Jersey, and served in the Continental Congress. Madison was not only president for 8 years but he also created the Bill of rights, and was considered the Father of the Constitution. He was also a big part the Virginia assembly.
Thomas Jefferson bought the Louisiana Territory from France's rulers Napoleon. He bought it for 15 million dollars or less then 3 cents an acre. This doubled the size of the United States, and led to The Lewis and Clark expedition. This expedition boasted U.S. claims to Oregon Territory.
Thomas Jefferson was a Democratic Republican. He designed his home, Monticello and the Virginia State Building. He also drafted the Declaration of Independence and wrote a bill enacting a religious freedom. He was the minister of France in 1785 after Benjamin Franklin.
Before1798 all mechanical devices were made by hand. Eli Whitney invented a new way to manufacture items so that they had interchangeable parts. This made it easier to repair items and it made manufacturing easier and faster.
John Adams was born in Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1735. He went to Harvard to become a lawyer and served as vice president for two terms. He also was the Minister in The Court of James. He retired to Quincey and died a few hours after Thomas Jefferson.
This treaty was between Britain and the U.S. Britain agreed to turn over the forts they still held near the Great Lakes in Toledo and Detroit, and the U.S. agreed to stop carrying goods for France. Also, Britain agreed to limit the interference with American Ships.
George Washington was born on a plantation in Virginia.He lived on Mt. Vernon and served in the House of Burgesses. George Washington did not believe in political parties but he usually favored the Federalists. He died in 1799, three years after retirement due to a throat infection.
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