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Last updated: 26/03/11 at 21:58
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During the Industrial Revolution, as more and more factories continued to develop, the environment faced a traumatic stage: acid rain. According to geologists, when factories released pollutants, they reacted with air in the atmosphere; causing a reaction that ultimately acidified the clean rain.
Acid Rain is one of the most hazardous environmental effects. During the 1900s, it was highlighted as one of the major after effects of the Industrial Revolution on the environment, as its acids damage plants and trees. In addition, the acid rain harms water bodies such as lakes and rivers, which in turn causes deadly health issues. People living in rural areas lack education and knowledge regarding this matter, therefore, they do not understand the consequences of consuming these waters.
Acid Rain can be connected to both the Industrial Revolution and the obvious, Environmentalism. To begin with, factories during the Industrial Revolution released pollutants into the atmosphere, consequently leading to the production of acid rain. Moreover, the burning of coal and the steam engine also had an impact on the production of acid rain. On the other hand, in terms of environmentalism, as acid rain occurs, the environment faces traumatic conflicts such as that of what occurs in water bodies. The pollution of the water caused by the acid rain results in the death of thousands of aquatic animals. Moreover, forests as well as buildings are also affected by acid rain.
Our world today is still greatly affected from acid rain. Factories continuously let out toxic fumes and pollute the air, increasing the chance of acidity in the clouds. Acid rain could also damage buildings, statues, and ancient architecture. For example, the Roman Coliseum has been greatly damaged by acid rain. Acid rain could also threaten our health, as it may come in contact with our foods and water supplies.
http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0215471/acid_rain.htm
A light bulb is a source of light that is created by passing electric current through a filament wire in an air free glass bulb. The filament wire heats up to a high temperature and creates a glow. Humphry Davy invented the first incandescent electric light bulb in1800. It consisted of an electric battery and a piece of carbon that glowed, thus producing light.
The light bulb solved many problems during the Industrial Revolution. To begin, people throughout the cities were able to use the light bulb instead of candles and oil lamps. Even though the first light bulb burned out after several minutes, Thomas Edison perfected the filament and the light bulb was able to burn for 1500 hours. As a result, the light bulb could be a permanent replacement in a household or a factory. Another problem that the light bulb solved is that it was brighter and more efficient than the oil lamps as it did not release any gas into the air. Moreover, the light bulb was safer than a candle as it reduced the chances of a fire occurring in a household.
The light bulb is related to both the Scientific Revolution and the Industrial Revolution. For instance, the light bulb is related to the Scientific Revolution because scientists were experimenting with the light bulb with the efforts of making it more efficient. The first light bulb was in mid air, but later it was enhanced and put into a glass bulb, causing it to last longer. The light bulb is also related to the Industrial Revolution because in 1877 the light bulb was mass-produced in factories by an American known as Charles Brush. These light bulbs or arcs were used in large office buildings, streets, and some stores.
Our world has been greatly impacted by the invention of the light bulb in both a positive and a negative way. To begin, the light bulb enabled people to work during the night, drive at night, and do several things in the dark. On the other hand, the incandescent light bulb uses a lot of energy, therefore, scientists have come up with the fluorescent light bulb which is more energy efficient and lasts for a longer period of time.
http://www.thehistoryof.net/the-history-of-the-light-bulb.html
The chemical battery is an electric device that converts chemical reactions into electricity. The chemical battery consists of units called a cell. Each cell is made up of two electrodes, a cathode (negative), and an anode (positive). An electrical circuit goes between the two electrodes and passes by a chemical called electrolyte, which could either be a solid or a liquid. This chemical reaction creates electricity that is used in several different electrical appliances.
The chemical battery solved many problems during the Industrial Revolution. To begin, the first battery created consisted of copper sheets and iron bars put into a jar. As a result, the battery produced a very low current and lasted for a short amount of time. Therefore, scientists were unable to use the battery to power appliances but instead used them for scientific experiments. For example, Alessandro Volta used a chemical battery to observe the reactions to the frogs muscular system.
The chemical battery could be related to both the Scientific and Industrial Revolution in several ways. During the Scientific Revolution, many discoveries were made which were related to chemical reactions. Scientists such as Antione Lavoisier realized that mixing different chemicals and metals together could lead into the production of new substances. As a result, Volt took that idea and found out that mixing different chemicals could turn into electricity. The battery was also related to the Industrial Revolution because after the success of the battery, they began mass-producing the electric battery in factories to help meet the needs of the consumers.
The world would have been a completely different place today without the battery. The battery made a great impact on our world as it enabled people to carry portable electronics such as their laptop, cell phone, and iPod. Nowadays batteries are more advance as they could last for a longer period of time and provide a large current. Without batteries, all the electronic appliances would have been stationary, and no portable electronics would have existed. The battery industry generates 48 billion dollars a year with an annual increase of 6%.
http://www.allaboutbatteries.com/history-of-batteries.html
Smallpox is a disease unique to humans caused by any of the two viruses: Variota major and Variola minor. Smallpox originates in blood vessels under the skin, throat and mouth, which later turns into a rash and finally into fluid-filled blisters.
Smallpox created several problems in Europe during the 18th century as it was easily spread from one person to another through direct contact, or through bed sheets and clothes. Approximately 400,000 Europeans died due to Smallpox, with an overall mortality rate of 30-35%. Smallpox also affected one third of all blindness in Europe. Moreover, over 80% of the people who were infected by smallpox were children.
Smallpox is related to the Industrial Revolution because during 1796 it re-appeared in the industrial cities. Therefore, smallpox had spread throughout the community and there were a large number of fatalities. Smallpox is also related to the Scientific Revolution with the discovery of bacteria and its related vaccines. The Scientific Revolution aided Edward Jenner in developing a vaccine to prevent and cure smallpox.
Smallpox has officially been declared eradicated by the United Nation in 2011. Even though Smallpox might not have a physical effect on the world today, it helped scientists learn the way diseases spread and how to cure them.
http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/index.asp
William Murdoch, one of the most aspiring figures of science, was born in 1745 in a farm in Ayrshire. In his mid-twenties, he was in search of a job, and became James Watt’s assistant. As his career with the scientist set off, Murdoch’s discovery of lighting form coal gas gained him a lot of publicity. According to historians, Murdoch’s discovery was made by simply putting coal dust on the pipe bowl, and observed that the pipe mouthpiece ignited fire, and therefore, he claimed it was ‘gas light.’
Because of Murdoch’s gas light discovery, more and more people were able to have lights in their homes. This is because coal was a more available resource, and with time, it became cheaper and more affordable.
Murdoch’s discovery can be connected to both the Industrial Revolution and the Scientific Revolution. To begin with, in terms of the Industrial Revolution, a connection can be made by understanding that his discovery generated benefits to the coal industry. On the other hand, in terms of the Scientific Revolution, his discovery opened more doors in the study of light in the field of physics.
Without his inventions, the world would still be depending solely on the use of dim candlelight’s, which is almost of no use to us today. William Murdoch’s discovery inspired today’s inventions of modern daylight and electricity. His observation of gaslight is one of the most important roots of today’s study of fundamental physics and light.
http://www.east-ayrshire.gov.uk/comser/tourism/famous_sciences.asp
Water Purification is the process in which chemicals, unwanted materials and contaminants are removed from water. Purified water would then be suitable for drinking through bottled water or to be used in the medical field. Treated water can also be used as tap water and for showers. The first water filters for domestic applications were applied in the 1700s
Water purification has solved the problem of having safe drinking water available to the majority of the world today. The process of water purification reduces the amount of bacteria, algae, viruses and fungi in the water to meet the international standards of drinking water quality. Purifying drinking water decreased the death rate caused from diarrheal disease due to unsafe drinking water.
Water is related to Environmentalism because people are abusing the oceans, lakes, and seas by dumping hazardous materials and waste in them. As a result, the water becomes unsafe to drink or even unsafe to bathe in. Therefore, the process of purifying the water cleans the hazardous waste and makes water safe to use. Moreover, water toxicity also related to the Industrial Revolution due to the lack of water purification and unsafe water source. Sewage water came in contact with fresh lake water, which was the societies’ drinking water source. As a result, in 1854 the Cholera disease arose representing a 50% death rate for those with the disease.
Water Purification has a great impact on our world today. More and more people are able to obtain clean water. Sadly though 1.1 billion people in the world lack access to safe drinking water resulting in diarrheal diseases. About 1.8 million people die every year because of the diarrheal diseases. Roughly 94% of these cases are preventable by following simple techniques for water purification and treatment at home such as installing filters and storing it in a safe container.
http://www.lenntech.com/history-water-treatment.htm
The microscope is an instrument used to observe micro-organisms and objects which are too small to see with the naked eye. There are several types of microscopes including the electron microscope and the scanning probe microscope. But the first microscope was the optical microscope invented by Galileo Galilee in 1625.
The microscope solved many problems during the Scientific and Industrial Revolutions. During the 1660s the microscope was mainly used in Italy and England for research on biological structures, beginning with the lungs. Moreover, the invention of the microscope lead to several discoveries such as the red blood cells, spermatozoa and later micro-organisms by Antoni Leewenhoek.
The microscope is related to both the Industrial Revolution and the Scientific Revolution. During the Industrial Revolution the microscope was used to observe and help find a cure for diseases such as the smallpox, typhoid and typhus. It was also related to the Scientific Revolution as it was invented during that era and was used during several research projects and in the discovery of micro-organisms.
The microscopes have made a great impact on the biological and medical fields. It helped scientists discover new illnesses and diseases. They also aided, and continue to aid, scientists in finding a cure for certain infections. Without the microscope, scientists would have never been able to see human body cells and understand the human body and how it works.
http://campus.udayton.edu/~hume/Microscope/microscope.htm
Air pollution is the introduction of hazardous chemicals, gas, and radiation into the Earth’s atmosphere. Nowadays the main sources of air pollution are vehicles, large factories and volcanoes. The major primary pollutants today include sulfur oxide, nitrogen oxide, and carbon monoxide.
Air pollution has created several problems in our world today. Many people are suffering from air pollutants that result in 2.4 million deaths per year. This is because people are inhaling destructive fine pollutant particles that leads to many non curative diseases. Another problem created by air pollutants is that thousands of bugs, animals and plants become endangered or extinct such as the flat-headed cat. Finally, air pollution is one of the main cause of global warming. Sunrays are being trapped in the earth’s atmosphere causing both the ice in the North and South poles to melt. As a result, sea levels are rising, creating natural disasters around the world.
Air pollution is associated with the Industrial Revolution and Environmentalism. The connection between the Industrial Revolution and air pollution is related to coal which was used as the primary source of energy. Coal was used in both industry and transportation. As a result, large amounts of carbon particles were released, therefore polluting the air. Air pollution is also related to Environmentalism because the pollutants are destroying the O-Zone layer making it thinner by the year.
Air pollution has a great impact on our world today. Several natural disasters have occurred due to air pollution such as floods and sand storms. Moreover, the amount of snow falling in some parts of the world has significantly decreased due to the air pollutants. Scientists believe that it is too late for us to take action to help recover the Earth even though many people are attempting to save the planet by recycling and using hybrid cars.
http://www.lbl.gov/Education/ELSI/pollution-main.html
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