Recent Event Highlights: Himmler attends Wolf's Lair to finalize 'Final Solution' with Hitler, Brautigan Replies To Lohse Stopping Killing of Jews, Einsatzgruppe D reports 54,696 executions, 90% of which are Jews, Lohse requests end to Jewish Skilled Labor Executions, Wagner oders killing of Partisans, Lohse Writes To Confirm Action Against Jews, and 43 more...
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Last updated: 02/12/10 at 10:25 PM
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"Rumors about alcoholic and sexual excesses spread back to the Reich and were officially investigated" (Origins, page 300) Here's the source: Beauftragter des Reichsleiters Bormann im OKW/Stab z.b.V. Generalleutnant von (Albert Hoffmann) to Bormann, "Bericht Nr. 4 Weissruthenien/Minsk" (Zweitschrift), May 26, 1942, USHMMA Kempner papers, Nuremberg box #4
1/19/1942 WVHA personnel http://www.mazal.org/NO-series/NO-0111-000.htm
http://www.mazal.org/NO-series/NO-0111-000.htm
12/18/1941 Himmler Attended Hitler's 'Wolf's Lair' to discuss 'Final Solution' http://www.mazal.org/archive/documents/DOC-00002.htm
http://www.mazal.org/archive/documents/DOC-00002.htm
Berlin, December 18, 1941 Reich Minister for the Occupied Eastern Territories Nr. I/1/157/41 To Reichskommissar for Ostland Riga Re: Jewish question in reply to your letter of November 15, 1941 The Jewish question has presumably been clarified meanwhile by means of verbal discussion. In principle, economic considerations are not to be taken into account in the settlement of the problem. It is further requested that any questions that arise be settled directly with the Higher SS and Police Leader (Hoeherer SS- und Polizeifuehrer). f/Braeutigam PS-3666. http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/sulets.html
12/18/1941 Goebbles Diary says he met with Hitler to determine 'Final Solution'- Goebbles diary entry
Peace to War, page 254 EM 145
12/2/1941 Lohse Werhmacht requests Jewish skilled labor stops being killed as they are needed for the factories "Documents on the Holocaust - Edited by Y. Arad, Y. Gutman, A. Margaliot, NY, Ktav Pub. House in Association with Yad-Vashem, 1981, p. 396 "
http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/genocide/USSR2.htm
Reichskommissar for Ostland IIa 4 M.219/41g Secret To Reich Minister for the Occupied Eastern Territories Re: Execution of Jews in reply to letter I/259141 of October 31, 1941 Report from: Government Counselor Trampedach I have forbidden the unauthorized ("wild") executions of Jews in Libau because the manner in which they were carried out was irresponsible. Will you please inform me whether your inquiry of October 31 should be interpreted as a directive to liquidate all the Jews in Ostland? Is this to be done regardless of age, sex, and economic requirements (for instance, the Wehrmacht’s demand for skilled workers in the armament industry)? Of course the cleansing of Ostland of Jews is a most important task; its solution, however, must be in accord with the requirements of war production. So far I have not been able to find such a directive either in the regulations concerning the Jewish question in the "Brown Portfolio" (Braune Mappe) or in any other decree. L[ohse] PS-3663. http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/sulets.html
Peace to War, page 254 EM 133
10/25/1941 Wetzel Letter suggesting gas for mass murder-Eichmann agrees, gas camps is the way to go http://www.holocaust-history.org/19411025-wetzel-no365/
http://www.holocaust-history.org/19411025-wetzel-no365/
10/25/1941 Einsatzgruppen Use a 'second action consisted in applying special treatment to 812 men and women" "The Final Solution: The Attempt to Exterminate the Jews of Europe, 1939-1945 - G. Reitlinger, South Brunswick, T. Yosellof, 1968, p. 133 "
Peace to War, page 253 IfZ, Fb 114: Der Chef der Sicherheitspolizei und ses SD, Ereignismeldungen UdSSR; EM 128,3.11.1941
Peace to War, page 253 Institut fur Zeitgeschichte (IfZ), Nurnberger Dokumente (ND), L180
10/15/1941 EM Judenfrei' appears for the first time EM 119, p. 9
10/10/1941 Boehme Order to kill all Jews and 100 people for every ethnic German death and 50 for every wounded ethnic German carried out by troops "of War Criminals Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals - Washington, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. XI, p. 977 "
10/10/1941 Walter von Reichenau The army must kill the Jews http://www.h-net.org/~german/gtext/nazi/reichenau-english.html
http://www.ess.uwe.ac.uk/genocide/USSR2.htm
http://www.h-net.org/~german/gtext/nazi/reichenau-english.html
Werner Koeppen recordings of Hitler talks, Vol. 37, Oct. 4th 1941 (Koeppen was a Rosenberg official who supposed to tell Rosenberg Hitler's thoughts) Koeppen is cited in "Hitler 1936-1945 - Nemesis" by Ian Kershaw
10/4/1941 Chief of the Military is to select 100 Jews and Communists to be shot for punishment for death of ethnic Germans "Trials of War Criminals Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals - Washington, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. XI, p. 976 "
9/26/1941 Halder diary Mental institutions- killing them is necessary "Trials of War Criminals Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals - Washington, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. X, p. 1195-1196 "
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Holocaust/wehrein.html
9/20/1941 Meyer Inaguration of Archbishop of Parerborn http://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/php/pflip.php?caseid=HLSL_NMT01&docnum=589&numpages=8&startpage=1&title=Contents:+Inauguration+of+the+Archbishop+of+Paderborn.&color_setting=C
http://nuremberg.law.harvard.edu/php/pflip.php?caseid=HLSL_NMT01&docnum=589&numpages=8&startpage=1&title=Contents:+Inauguration+of+the+Archbishop+of+Paderborn.&color_setting=C
Jager Reports the killing of a German Citizen married to a Jew EK 3, "Gesamtaufstellung," USHMMA RG 11.001M, reel 183 (SAM 500-1-25)
Stahlecker writes, "Whereas full support for the agencies of the Reichskommissar especially regarding the Jewish question is as far as we're concerned, self-evident, currently we nevertheless have to concerntrate of the final solution of the Jewish questiontrhough very different measures than the one s envusaged by the Reichskommissar [Lohse (see August 12, 1941 entry)]." Printed in Benz et al., Einsatzim "Reichskommissariat Ostland," pages 47-48
8/21/1941 Himmler's order Via letter to Lorenz- Himmler wants Lorenz to tell Haushafer to resign
http://www.mazal.org/NO-series/NO-0033-000.htm
Germany and the Second World War pages 301-304
Himmler visits the executions of Jews in Minsk. Bach-Zelwski claimed after the war that Himmler seemed nervous watching. He issues the verbal order to the men to kill all Jewish men, women, and children and makes reference to Hitler's directive. Browning opines, "the claim that Himmler issued an all-encompassing killing order in front of the murder scene near Minsk is primarily based on self-serving postwar statements by his officers and on the mistaken assumption that Berlin agencies had to be the centers of decision making in regard to the carrying out of mass murder to the east. As can be seen from the Pripet sweep, Himmler, like Heydrich, faced problems in adjusting his directives to events in ht efield. This was less the result of insufficient communication networks between center and periphery than an inevitable consequence of the Nazi system's proneness for lower-level initiative and ad hoc decision making. With the delegation of power to his commanding officers, it was not Himmler but the HSSPF, the leaders of the Einsatzgruppen, Kommandostab units, and police batallions who, in conjunction with the military and representatives of the emerging civil administration, decided matters of practical policy. Anti-Jewish measures adopted in the following months show how the pattern of interaction between local and central authorities solidified until the end of 1941." -Browning 283-284
8/13/1941 Dr. Hilfrich, Bishop Letter to Reich Minister urging him to stop killing civilians as it is well known in the town even among the children "Trials of War Criminals Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals - Washington, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. I, p. 845-846 "
8/10/1941 Himmler's reaction Reaction to Schwartz and Berger meeting
http://www.mazal.org/NO-series/NO-0032-000.htm
Need source
8/2/1941 Schwartz and Berger They meet and it is mentioned that the SS is broke
http://www.mazal.org/NO-series/NO-0029-000.htm
Lohse attempts to implement a uniform guideline for the entire occupied Eastern Territories. He suggests implementation similar to those in Germany since 1935 and Poland since occupation utilizing ghettos, forced labor, and registration/marking. The document does not name the Security Police or the SD once.
8/1/1941 Jecklin Order relayed from Hitler to kill all Jews- no records of this happening yet though Nuremberg Documents NO 3644
8/31/1941 Goering Letter to Heydrich instructing him to come up with a 'final solution' beyond deportation http://www1.yadvashem.org/about_holocaust/documents/part2/doc106.html
http://www1.yadvashem.org/about_holocaust/documents/part2/doc106.html
7/17/1941 Must confirm camp inmates are part of a list including all Jews "Nazi Conspiracy and Aggression - Washington, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1946, Vol. III, p. 422-425 "
7/16/1941 Hoppner to Eichmann Conerns: Jews can't be fed anymore- "most humane solution might be to finish them off" "more pleasant than to let them starve" should also steralize all women to end Jewish problem in this generation Documents of Destruction - R. Hilberg, Quadrangle Books, Chicago, 1971, p. 87
R. Hilberg, Quadrangle Books, Chicago, 1971, p. 87
"Comrades, citizens, brothers and sisters, men of our Army and Navy! My words are addressed to you, dear friends! The perfidious military attack by Hitlerite Germany on our Fatherland, begun on June 22, is continuing. In spite of the heroic resistance of the Red Army, and although the enemy’s finest divisions and finest air force units have already been smashed and have met their doom on the field of battle, the enemy continues to push forward, hurling fresh forces to the front. Hitler’s troops have succeeded in capturing Lithuania, a considerable part of Latvia, the western part of Byelorussia and part of Western Ukraine. The fascist aircraft are extending the range of their operations, bombing Murmansk, Orsha, Moghilev, Smolensk, Kiev, Odessa, Sevastopol. Grave danger overhangs our country. How could it have happened that our glorious Red Army surrendered a number of our cities and districts to the fascist armies? Is it really true that the German-fascist troops are invincible, as the braggart fascist propagandists are ceaselessly blaring forth? Of course not! History shows that there are no invincible armies and never have been. Napoleon’s army was considered invincible, but it was beaten successively by the armies of Russia, England and Germany. Kaiser Wilhelm’s German army in the period of the First Imperialist War was also considered invincible, but it was beaten several times by Russian and Anglo-French troops, and was finally smashed by the Anglo-French forces. The same must be said of Hitler’s German-fascist army of to-day. This army had not yet met with serious resistance on the continent of Europe. Only on our territory has it met with serious resistance. And if as a result of this resistance the finest divisions of Hitler’s German-fascist army have been defeated by our Red Army, this means that it too can be smashed and will be smashed, as were the armies of Napoleon and Wilhelm. As to part of our territory having nevertheless been seized by the German-fascist troops, this is chiefly due to the fact that the war of fascist Germany against the U.S.S.R. began under conditions that were favourable for the German forces and unfavourable for the Soviet forces. The fact of the matter is that the troops of Germany, a country at war, were already fully mobilized, and the 170 divisions brought up to the Soviet frontiers and hurled by Germany against the U.S.S.R. were in a state of complete readiness, only awaiting the signal to move into action, whereas the Soviet troops had still to effect mobilization and move up to the frontiers. Of no little importance in this respect was the fact that fascist Germany suddenly and treacherously violated the non-aggression pact which she had concluded in 1939 with the U.S.S.R., regardless of the circumstance that she would be regarded as the aggressor by the whole world. Naturally, our peace-loving country, not wishing to take the initiative in breaking the pact, could not resort to perfidy. It may be asked, how could the Soviet Government have consented to conclude a non-aggression pact with such perfidious people, such fiends as Hitler and Ribbentrop? Was this not an error on the part of the Soviet Government? Of course not! Non-aggression pacts are pacts of peace between two states. It was such a pact that Germany proposed to us in 1939. Could the Soviet Government have declined such a proposal? I think that not a single peace-loving state could decline a peace treaty with a neighbouring state even though the latter were headed by such monsters and cannibals as Hitler and Ribbentrop. But that, of course, only on the one indispensable condition-that this peace treaty did not jeopardize, either directly or indirectly, the territorial integrity, independence and honour of the peace-loving state. As is well known, the non-aggression pact between Germany and the U.S.S.R. was precisely such a pact. What did we gain by concluding the non-aggression pact with Germany? We secured our country peace for a year and a half and the opportunity of preparing our forces to repulse fascist Germany should she risk an attack on our country despite the pact. This was a definite advantage for us and a disadvantage for fascist Germany. What has fascist Germany gained and what has she lost by perfidiously tearing up the pact and attacking the U.S.S.R.? She has gained a certain advantageous position for her troops for a short period of time, but she has lost politically by exposing herself in the eyes of the entire world as a bloodthirsty aggressor. There can be no doubt that this short-lived military gain for Germany is only an episode, while the tremendous political gain of the U.S.S.R. is a weighty and lasting factor that is bound to forth the basis for the development of outstanding military successes of the Red Army in the war with fascist Germany. That is why the whole of our valiant Red Army, the whole of our valiant Navy, all the falcons of our Air Force, all the peoples of our country, all the finest men and women of Europe, America and Asia, and, finally, all the finest men and women of Germany—denounce the treacherous acts of the German-fascists, sympathize with the Soviet Government, approve its conduct, and see that ours is a just cause, that the enemy will be defeated, and that we are bound to win. In consequence of this war which has been forced upon us, our country has come to death grips with its bitterest and most cunning enemy—German fascism. Our troops are fighting heroically against an enemy armed to the teeth with tanks and aircraft. Overcoming numerous difficulties, the Red Army and Red Navy are self-sacrificingly fighting for every inch of Soviet soil. The main forces of the Red Army are coming into action equipped with thousands of tanks and planes. The soldiers of the Red Army are displaying unexampled valour. Our resistance to the enemy is growing in strength and power. Side by side with the Red Army, the entire Soviet people is rising in defence of our native land. What is required to put an end to the danger imperilling our country and what measures must be taken to smash the enemy? Above all it is essential that our people, the Soviet people, should appreciate the full immensity of the danger that threatens our country and give up all complacency, casualness and the mentality of peaceful constructive work that was so natural before the war, but which is fatal to-day, when war has radically changed the whole situation. The enemy is cruel and implacable. He is out to seize our lands watered by the sweat of our brows, to seize our grain and oil secured by the labour of our hands. He is out to restore the rule of the landlords, to restore tsarism, to destroy the national culture and the national existence as states of the Russians, Ukrainians, Byelorussians, Lithuanians, Latvians, Esthonians, Uzbeks, Tatars, Moldavians, Georgians, Armenians, Azerbaijanians and the other free peoples of the Soviet Union, to Germanize them, to turn them into the slaves of German princes and barons. Thus the issue is one of life and death for the Soviet State, of life and death for the peoples of the U.S.S.R.; the issue is whether the peoples of the Soviet Union shall be free or fall into slavery. The Soviet people must realize this and abandon all complacency; they must mobilize themselves and reorganize all their work on a new, war-time footing, where there can be no mercy to the enemy. Further, there must be no room in our ranks for whimperers and cowards, for panic-mongers and deserters; our people must know no fear in the fight and must selflessly join our patriotic war of liberation against the fascist enslavers. Lenin, the great founder of our state, used to say that the chief virtues of Soviet men and women must be courage, valour, fearlessness in struggle, readiness to fight together with the people against the enemies of our country. These splendid virtues of the Bolshevik must become the virtues of millions and millions of the Red Army, of the Red Navy, of all the peoples of the Soviet Union. All our work must be immediately reorganized on a war footing, everything must be subordinated to the interests of the front and the task of organizing the destruction of the enemy. The peoples of the Soviet Union now see that German fascism is untamable in its savage fury and hatred of our native country, which has ensured all its working people labour in freedom and prosperity. The peoples of the Soviet Union must rise against the enemy and defend their rights and their land. The Red Army, Red Navy and all citizens of the Soviet Union must defend every inch of Soviet soil, must fight to the last drop of blood for our towns and villages, must display the daring, initiative and mental alertness that are inherent in our people. We must organize all-round assistance to the Red Army, ensure powerful reinforcements for its ranks and the supply of everything it requires; we must organize the rapid transport of troops and military freight and extensive aid to the wounded. We must strengthen the Red Army’s rear, subordinating all our work to this end; all our industries must be got to work with greater intensity, to produce more rifles, machine-guns, guns, cartridges, shells, planes; we must organize the guarding of factories, power stations, telephonic and telegraphic communications, and arrange effective air-raid protection in all localities. We must wage a ruthless fight against all disorganizers of the rear, deserters, panic-mongers and rumour-mongers; we must exterminate spies, sabotage agents and enemy parachutists, rendering rapid aid in all this to our extermination battalions. We must bear in mind that the enemy is crafty, unscrupulous, experienced in deception and the dissemination of false rumours. We must reckon with all this and not fall victims to stratagem. All who by their panic-mongering and cowardice hinder the work of defence, no matter who they may be, must be immediately haled before a military tribunal. In case of a forced retreat of Red Army units, all rolling stock must be evacuated, the enemy must not be left a single engine, a single railway car, not a single pound of grain or gallon of fuel. The collective farmers must drive off all their cattle and turn over their grain to the safe keeping of the state authorities for transportation to the rear. All valuable property, including non-ferrous metals, grain and fuel that cannot be withdrawn must be destroyed without fail. In areas occupied by the enemy, guerilla units, mounted and on loot, must be formed; sabotage groups must be organized to combat enemy units, to foment guerilla warfare everywhere, blow up bridges and roads, damage telephone and telegraph lines, set fire to forests, stores and transports. In occupied regions conditions must be made unbearable for the enemy and all his accomplices. They must be hounded and annihilated at every step, and all their measures frustrated. The war with fascist Germany cannot be considered an ordinary war. It is not only a war between two armies, it is also a great war of the entire Soviet people against the German-fascist armies. The aim of this national patriotic war in defence of our country against the fascist oppressors is not only to eliminate the danger hanging over our country, but also to aid all the European peoples groaning under the yoke of German fascism. In this war of liberation we shall not be alone. In this great war we shall have true allies in the peoples of Europe and America, including the German people which is enslaved by the Hitlerite misrulers. Our war for the freedom of our country will merge with the struggle of the peoples of Europe and America for their independence, for democratic liberties. It will be a united front of the peoples standing for freedom and against enslavement and threats of enslavement by Hitler’s fascist armies. In this connection the historic utterance of the British Prime Minister, Mr. Churchill, regarding aid to the Soviet Union, and the declaration of the United States Government signifying readiness to render aid to our country, which can only evoke a feeling of gratitude in the hearts of the peoples of the Soviet Union, are fully comprehensible and symptomatic. Comrades, our forces are numberless. The overweening enemy will soon learn this to his cost. Side by side with the Red Army many thousands of workers, collective farmers and intellectuals are rising to fight the enemy aggressor. The masses of our people will rise up in their millions. The working people of Moscow and Leningrad have already begun to form huge People’s Guards in support of the Red Army. Such People’s Guards must be raised in every city which is in danger of enemy invasion; all the working people must be roused to defend with their lives their freedom, their honour and their country in this patriotic war against German fascism. In order to ensure the rapid mobilization of all the forces of the peoples of the U.S.S.R. and to repulse the enemy who has treacherously attacked our country, a State Committee of Defence has been formed and the entire state authority has now been vested in it. The State Committee of Defence has entered on the performance of its functions and calls upon all our people to rally around the Party of Lenin and Stalin and around the Soviet Government, so as to render self sacrificing support to the Red Army and Red Navy, to exterminate the enemy and secure victory. All our forces for the support of our heroic Red Army and our glorious Red Navy! All the forces of the people for the destruction of the enemy! Forward to victory!" My Link
7/2/1941 Heydrich to HSSPF Jeckelin, v.d. Bach, Prutzmann, and Korsemann Wrote to HSSPF-unable to meet (unlike Daluege?) to provide basic instructions for jurisdiction of the SD. Lays out the short-term goal "of political and security pacification was the prerequisite for the long-term goal of economic pascification, and all necessary measures were to carried out with "ruthless severity." He then makes reference to the SS-Wermacht agreement (signed 4/28/41) to eliminate confusion about the role of the SS- They would kill all Jewish people in power and attempt to start anti-Jewish/communist efforts without leaving a trace of involvement. Heydrich also goes to say 'for obvious reasons, such actions are only possible during the initial period of military occupation.' It could only continue as planned on for 4-6 weeks. Browning, 228- Klein, Die Einsatzgruppen in der besetzten Sowjetunion, p. 324-28 Peace to War, page 267
7/2/1941 Jecklin "As part of Jeckeln's forces, an unidentified unit of the order police assisted EK 4a in the murder of 1160 Jews in Luck on 2 July.90 " EM 24, pp. 12-14.
6/30/1941 Himmler Had the PB put in three month intense training after basci training to be completed by 6/30/41 Browning, 232 BA, R 19, 308
Heydrich No obstacle to get in way of "self-cleansing." Encourage pogroms by locals against Jews and Communist but leave no trace of encouragement. Klein, Die Einsatzgruppen in der besetzten Sowjetunion, page 319
6/29/1941 Heydrich Telegram detailing self-cleansing campaign to the Einsatzgruppen chiefs Peace to War, page 262 BA, R 70 Sowjetuntion/32; printed in Longerich, Due Ernirdybg der Hydeb, as ub bite 15, 118f ---- Browning, 228- Klein, Die Einsatzgruppen in der besetzten Sowjetunion, p. 319
Page 78 of thin German book-needs to be translated
6/18/1941 Dr. Weber Tells 11th Army every officer should know they can order "collective forcible measures", Forster, "Operation Barbarossa as a War of Conquest," page 511
6/17/1941 Heydrich Heydrich addresses the Einsatzgruppen training closing ceremony in Pretzschbefore they depart Browning, 226, Hans-Heinrich Wilhelm, Die Einsatzgruppe A der Sicherheitspolizei und des SD 1941/1942, pages 17-18
Heydrcih meets with the Einsatz leaders. It is suspected that he might have relayed the 'Fuhrer's Order' then.
6/10/1941-6/11/1941 Muller Insists among army officers in Allenstein and Warsaw that the law must be suspended for the neccessities of war- would be a "return to the anchient usage of war", Forster, "Operation Barbarossa as a War of Conquest," page 505-506
6/8/1941 Brauchitsch Issued order that civilians could only be shot if anti-German behaviour was "especially recognizable" Browning, 222/ Doc. Nr. 13 [Nbg. Doc. NOKW-1076]
6/6/1941 Keitel Signs the final version. Preamble added justifying position of eliminating commissars and not following internation law as Bolshevik's did it first- protests from the army- Marshal Fedor von Bock objected at soldiers being free to shoot civilians- asked Brauchitsh to restore military court- Hennig von Treschkow argued it should be left for Russians to do first- Doc. Nr. 12 [Nbg. Doc. NOKW-1076]
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