Genealogy of the Lothary family back to 1701, up to and through descendants of Kalman Lothary, who immigrated to the United States in 1922. Spoken history of the Lothary family has included tales of descent from Charlemagne. This timeline pre-1701 is for historical reference only, but it's possible somewhere there is a female ancestor that married outside her lineage to someone named Lotharius. It's interesting to note that family first names in the 1700's were almost identical to Leopold I, and also in the 1800's Jakob Lothary returned to Mainz and held some standing in the the most important Catholic church outside of Italy. That indicates likely family ties going back far before Kudritz with the church in Mainz. Someday maybe we'll know more as researchers catalog all available records, but then again, family tales of royal descent is frequent and usually fabricated in spoken German ancestry. Also included here are historical events shaping the history of first Lotharingia, then Austria, France, the settlement and destruction of the Banat, Germany, and the United States. For insight i've also tried to include major events that would have impacted our ancestors including plagues, political changes and economic factors.
Created by lothary on Jan 13, 2010
Last updated: 01/26/10 at 02:39 PM
Tags: Lothary Lotharius Lotarius Lothar Lotharye Lotharingia Mainz
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Kudritz occupied by Russian troops on October 1. Able-to-work Germans were forcibly shipped to Russia as slave laborers. The elderly and children were transferred to the starvation camps and the rest expropriated and interned. Starvation, lack of hygienic facilities, diseases and killings decimated the inhabitants. The survivors saved themselves by escaping at night across the Romanian border.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banat_Swabians
On this day in history, the Yugoslav army surrenders to Germany after being overwhelmed by the sheer amount of Axis soldiers.
Yugoslavia's Royal Yugoslav Army was woefully unprepared for the Axis invasion in 1941. Because it had been formed shortly after World War I, it was still using equipment from that era, meaning that the Germans had the advantage.
Armed with horse-drawn artillery, virtually no anti-tank and anti-aircraft weapons, a limited amount of automatic weapons and a handful of tanks and aircraft, the Yugoslavian army was able to put 1,200,000 people in field by the time the German invasion started.
Split along three different fronts, the Royal Yugoslav Army found themselves in dire positions. To make matters worse, the primarily Croatian 4th and 7th Armies broke away from the Royal Yugoslav Army and allowed the Axis to enter the country through the Croatian boarder.
Although Yugoslavia's capital had fallen on April 13th and hundreds of thousands of Yugoslavian soldiers had been captured, the army kept fighting. It wasn't until April 17, 1941 that they surrendered, officially ending the Invasion of Yugoslavia.
http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history.do?action=Article&id=4927
The Immigration Act of 1924, or Johnson-Reed Act, including the National Origins Act, Asian Exclusion Act, (43 Statutes-at-Large 153) was a United States federal law that limited the number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country to 2% of the number of people from that country who were already living in the United States in 1890, according to the Census of 1890. It excluded immigration of Asians. It superseded the 1921 Emergency Quota Act. The law was aimed at further restricting the Southern and Eastern Europeans who were immigrating in large numbers starting in the 1890s, as well as prohibiting the immigration of East Asians and Asian Indians.
Congressman Albert Johnson and Senator David Reed were the two main architects. In the wake of intense lobbying, the Act passed with strong congressional support.[1] There were six dissenting votes in the Senate and a handful of opponents in the House, the most vigorous of whom was freshman Brooklyn Representative Emanuel Celler. Over the succeeding four decades, Celler made the repeal of the Act into a personal crusade. Some of the law's strongest supporters were influenced by Madison Grant and his 1916 book, The Passing of the Great Race. Grant was a eugenicist and an advocate of the racial hygiene theory. His data purported to show the superiority of the founding Northern European races. But most proponents of the law were rather concerned with upholding an ethnic status quo and avoiding competition with foreign workers.[2]
The act was strongly supported by well-known union leader and founder of the AFL, Samuel Gompers.[3] Gompers was a Jewish immigrant, and uninterested in the accusations by many Jews that the quotas were based on anti-Semitism.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigration_Act_of_1924
37 yr old Kalman arrives aboard the S.S. Clay from Hamburg with wife Franziska, 32, son Batrist (Rudolph), age 9, daughter Anna, age 3, and mother Juliana, age 62, at Ellis Island, NY. Curiously, Juliana tells immagration officials that her last name is Sackstaedter.
John Lothary and family arrive at Ellis Island aboard the SS Kroghland, enroute to Chicago, IL. This is whom Kalman and Lothary would stay with when arriving later, in 1923.
On 28 June 1921, the Vidovdan (St Vitus's Day) Constitution was passed, establishing a unitary monarchy. The pre-World War I traditional regions were abolished and 33 new administrative oblasts (provinces) ruled from the center were instituted. During this time, King Peter I died (16 August 1921) and the prince-regent succeeded to the throne as King Alexander I.
The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (Serbo-Croat and Slovene: Kraljevina Jugoslavija, Cyrillic script: Краљевина Југославија) was a kingdom stretching from the Western Balkans to Central Europe which existed during the often-tumultuous interwar era of 1918–1941. It was formed in 1918 when merging the newly formed State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs with the formerly independent Kingdom of Serbia. The Kingdom of Montenegro had passed to Serbian rule days earlier, while the regions of Kosovo, Vojvodina and Macedonia were parts of Serbia prior to the unification. For its first eleven years of existence it was officially called Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, but the term Yugoslavia was its colloquial name from the very beginning. On 17 April 1941, Yugoslavia fell prey to Nazi occupation and was reorganised into four provinces under foreign rule; a royal government-in-exile, recognized by the Allied powers, was established in London. The monarchy was officially abolished on 29 November 1945, when the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia was established following the Belgrade Offensive.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Serbs,_Croats,_and_Slovenes
In the United States, the Emergency Quota Act also known as the Emergency immigration Act of 1921, (ch. 8, 42 Stat. 5, also known as the Johnson Quota Act) of May 19, 1921 was an immigration quota that limited the annual number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country to 3%[1]
The Emergency Quota Act had been proposed several times before, but never made it through until 1921. The main reason for passing the Act was that the flood of immigrants in recent years had negative wage effects on native-born Americans. This led to increasing support for immigration restrictions. Another factor was the increasing political power of immigration groups.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_Quota_Act
Following the collapse of Austria-Hungary in October 1918, the regions of Banat, Bačka, and Baranja were under control of the Serbian army and the local ethnic Serb population from these regions formed its own administration under the supreme authority of Serbian National Board in Novi Sad.
On November 25, 1918, the Great people's assembly of Serbs, Bunjevci and other Slavs (Velika narodna skupština Srba, Bunjevaca i ostalih Slovena / Велика народна скупштина Срба, Буњеваца и осталих Словена) from Banat, Bačka and Baranja, voted that these regions join to the Kingdom of Serbia (The assembly numbered 757 deputies, of whom 578 were Serbs, 84 Bunjevci, 62 Slovaks, 21 Rusyns, 6 Germans, 3 Šokci, 2 Croats, and 1 Hungarian), while on December 1, the Kingdom of Serbia together with the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs formed a new country named Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.
The Great People's Assembly from November 25, decided not only to join Banat, Bačka and Baranja to Serbia, but also to form a new local administration (government) in these regions known as the People's Administration for Banat, Bačka and Baranja (Narodna uprava za Banat, Bačku i Baranju / Народна управа за Банат, Бачку и Барању). The president of the People's Administration was Dr. Jovan Lalošević. The People's Council was also formed as the legislative body of the province.
Although the government in Belgrade accepted the decision that Banat, Bačka and Baranja join to Serbia, it did not recognize the People's Administration. The People's Administration for Banat, Bačka and Baranja was active until March 11, 1919, when it held its last session.
Before the peace conference defined exact borders of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, the People's Administration for Banat, Bačka and Baranja also administered parts of Banat, Bačka and Baranja that today belong to Romania and Hungary.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banat,_Ba%C4%8Dka_and_Baranja
The 1918 flu pandemic (commonly referred to as the Spanish Flu) was an influenza pandemic that spread to nearly every part of the world. It was caused by an unusually virulent and deadly influenza A virus strain of subtype H1N1. Historical and epidemiological data are inadequate to identify the geographic origin of the virus.[1] Most of its victims were healthy young adults, in contrast to most influenza outbreaks which predominantly affect juvenile, elderly, or otherwise weakened patients. The flu pandemic has also been implicated in the sudden outbreak of encephalitis lethargica in the 1920s.[2]
The pandemic lasted from March 1918 to June 1920,[3] spreading even to the Arctic and remote Pacific islands. It is estimated that anywhere from 50 to 100 million people were killed worldwide which is from three to seven times the casualties of the First World War (15 million), making it the most deadly natural disaster in human history.[4][5][6][7][8] An estimated 50 million people, about 3% of the world's population (approximately 1.6 billion at the time), died of the disease. An estimated 500 million, or 1/3 were infected.[5]
Scientists have used tissue samples from frozen victims to reproduce the virus for study. Given the strain's extreme virulence there has been controversy regarding the wisdom of such research. Among the conclusions of this research is that the virus kills via a cytokine storm (overreaction of the body's immune system) which explains its unusually severe nature and the concentrated age profile of its victims. The strong immune systems of young adults ravaged the body, whereas the weaker immune systems of children and middle-aged adults caused fewer deaths.[9]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1918_flu
1914
Begin of World War I. The young men were drafted. The area was spared from the ravages of the war.
WWI Memorial
1918
Dismantling of the Danube Monarchy. The Danube Swabians were distributed among Hungary, Romania and the State of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (SHS). They now were only minorities with little political power. Joint activities of the Danube Swabians failed due to different directions within the communities of the Danube Swabians.
1920
At the treaty of Trianon, June 4, the western part of the Banat was given to SHS. On July 20 the "Schwaebisch-Deutsche Kulturbund" was founded at Neusatz (Novi Sad), but dissolved shortly thereafter; its property confiscated in 1924. The confiscation was rescinded and in 1927 the organization again allowed to operate.
1921
King Alexander reigned in Yugoslavia until 1934. German and Hungarian owners of large tracts of lands were expropriated and settled by Dobrowoljici. Landless Germans did not receive anything.
http://www.americanhungarianfederation.org/news_trianon.htm
bMay 8, 1830
http://photos-f.ak.fbcdn.net/hphotos-ak-ash1/hs295.ash1/22231_1174713856015_1473147200_30407973_276518_n.jpg
(1857-1898)
1832-1937 Francesca marries Kalman Lothary in Kudritz in 1910, comes to America with son Battrist (Rudy) and Anna in 1923 but shortly thereafter returns to Kudritz, stating she hates America. She dies in Kudritz.
A terrible hail storm destroyed the anticipated harvest of the entire village area.
http://kudritz.org/index.php/component/content/article/4-history.html
Parents Balthasar Lothary (1857-1898) and Julianna Theiss (1861-1942)
2nd child christened Josephus to Jacob & Catherine, born in 1863. Most likely a death of the first. This christening ocurred at St. Martin's Cathedral, Mainz, Germany
Another sibling, Josephus Lothary, of Balthasar (II) born in Mainz and christened March 8, 1863 at St. Martin's Cathedral (Dom Katholisch), Mainz, Germany
born to Jacob and Catherine Oct.6, 1861, not in Kudritz, but at Dom Katholisch in Mainz, Germany.
(1861-1942) daughter of Balthasar Theisz and Anna Buro, wife of Balthasar Lothary (II), mother of Kalman Lothary
This is the marriage date I was unable to find for Jacob Lothary and Catherine Glosz. They were married in Mainz, not Kudritz. To be married at this church (St. Martins Cathedral) means that they and other members of the Lothary family were held in some kind of high esteem to the church for some time, opening up the likelihood that other close family records before this time are to be found here going back to the time of his grandfather Michael Lotharius and before. I've been unable to locate the birth record for Michael (1750-1809) and Michaels likely father (or uncle) (1701-1774) , i'm certain this is where it is.
Another child of Jacob and Catherine, born in 1858 and christened at St. Martin's Cathedral in Mainz
Another child of Jacob and Catherine, born in 1858 and christened at St. Martin's Cathedral in Mainz
Parents Jakob Lothary (1830-1902) and Catherine Elisabeth Glosz (1832-1911)
son of Michael, wife of Anna Sagstaedter, father of Jakob Lothary
parents of Anna Buro, who marries Balthasar Theisz, grandparents of Julianna Theisz, who marries Balthasar Lothary (II)
The Napoleonic Wars were a series of conflicts declared against Napoleon's French Empire and changing sets of European allies by opposing coalitions that ran from 1803 to 1815. As a continuation of the wars sparked by the French Revolution of 1789, they revolutionized European armies and played out on an unprecedented scale, mainly due to the application of modern mass conscription. French power rose quickly, conquering most of Europe, but collapsed rapidly after France's disastrous invasion of Russia in 1812. Napoleon's empire ultimately suffered complete military defeat resulting in the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy in France. The wars resulted in the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire. Meanwhile the Spanish Empire began to unravel as French occupation of Spain weakened Spain's hold over its colonies, providing an opening for nationalist revolutions in Latin America. As a direct result of the Napoleonic wars the British Empire became the foremost world power for the next century,[1] thus beginning Pax Britannica.
No consensus exists as to when the French Revolutionary Wars ended and the Napoleonic Wars began. Possible dates include 9 November 1799, when Bonaparte seized power in France with the coup of 18 Brumaire; 18 May 1803, when a renewed declaration of war between Britain and France ended the only period of peace in Europe between 1792 and 1814; and 2 December 1804, when Bonaparte crowned himself Emperor.
The Napoleonic Wars ended following Napoleon's final defeat at Waterloo on 18 June 1815 and the Second Treaty of Paris.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Varoux.jpg/300px-Varoux.jpg
1809, October 29 passing of 59 yr old Michael Lothary(II), leaving behind wife Magdalena, 6 yr old son Balthasar (I) and 3 year old daughter Anna. Notice the spelling here is almost perfectly as the present form of Loth ARY. Depending on the priest, in 100 years it mutates back and forth from Lotharius, Lothari, Lotari, Lotariu, Lotharium, Lothariuy, Lotarius, Lotharyus, Lotarim.... It seems that pre-1800 the prevaling spelling form is Lotharius and post 1800 it remains Lothary, but then again, you never know.... Add a caption 1803 death of 3 yr old Margaretha Lothary, 1st child of Michael Lothary(II) and his new wife Magdalena
birth of Balthar's younger sister, Anna, to Michael Lothary and Magdalena Havin
death of 3 yr old Margaretha Lothary, 1st child of Michael Lothary(II) and his new wife Magdalena
son of Michael Lothary (II) and Magdalena Havin, later marries Anna Sagstaedter and fathers Jakob Lothary
birth of Margaretha Lothary, daughter of Michael Lothary and Magdalena Havin, older sister of Balthasar (I)
parents of Balthasar Lothary (I)
death of Michael Lothary (II) 2 yr old Magdalena
Wife of Michael Lothary (II) 1783-1797
1795-1798 daughter of Michael Lothary and Anna Tatte
1793 death of Barbara Lothary, 3 yr old remaining child of Michael and Annam Lotharius
During the French Revolution, the French Revolutionary army occupied Mainz in 1792; the Archbishop of Mainz, Friedrich Karl Josef von Erthal, had already fled to Aschaffenburg by the time the French marched in. On 18 March 1793, the Jacobins of Mainz, with other German democrats from about 130 towns in the Rhenish Palatinate, proclaimed the ‘Republic of Mainz’. Led by Georg Forster representatives of the Mainz Republic in Paris requested political affiliation of the Mainz Republic with France, but too late: As Prussia was not entirely happy with the idea of a democratic free state on German soil, Prussian troops had already occupied the area and besieged Mainz by the end of March, 1793. After a siege of 18 weeks, the French troops in Mainz surrendered on 23 July 1793; Prussians occupied the city and ended the Republic of Mainz. Members of the Mainz Jacobin Club were mistreated or imprisoned and punished for treason.
Tombstone of Jeanbon Baron de St. André, Prefect of Napoleonic Mainz
In 1797, the French returned. The army of Napoléon Bonaparte occupied the German territory to the west of the Rhine river, and the Treaty of Campo Formio awarded France this entire area. On 17 February 1800, the French Département du Mont-Tonnerre was founded here, with Mainz as its capital, the Rhine river being the new eastern frontier of la Grande Nation. Austria and Prussia could not but approve this new border with France in 1801. However, after several defeats in Europe during the next years, the weakened Napoléon and his troops had to leave Mainz in May 1814.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mainz
The French Revolutionary Wars were a series of major conflicts, from 1792 until 1802, fought between the French Revolutionary government and several European states. Marked by French revolutionary fervour and military innovations, the campaigns saw the French Revolutionary Armies defeat a number of opposing coalitions and expand French control to the Low Countries, Italy, and the Rhineland. The wars involved enormous numbers of soldiers, mainly due to the application of modern mass conscription.
The French Revolutionary Wars are usually divided between those of the First Coalition (1792–1797) and the Second Coalition (1798–1801), although France was at war with Great Britain continuously from 1793 to 1802. Hostilities ceased with the Treaty of Amiens 1802, but conflict soon started up again with the Napoleonic Wars. Both conflicts together constitute what is sometimes referred to as the "Great French War."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Wars
Son of Michael Lothary and Annam Tatte
Father of Anna Sagstaedter, husband of Elisabeth Jaeger, father-in law of Balthasar Lothary (I) in Kudritz
(1790-1793) birth of Barbara Lothary to Michael Lothary and Annam Tatte. Older half-sister of Balthasar
Emperor Josef II declared war on the Turks. The Turks again invaded the Banat. The imperial troops had to retreat and in September 1788 the Kudritz settlers had to flee. At the end of September the deserted community was pillaged by the surrounding Romanian villagers and the few remaining settlers were chased out or murdered. The new church, after the altars, organ, windows, doors and benches were destroyed, was completely ransacked. Luckily, the Romanians did not burn the village down, although much hay was burned outside the village. The Kudritz settlers returned after Major General Count Harrach visited Werschetz on October 18 with his 2,000 soldiers.
http://www.feefhs.org/links/banat/bhistory.html
A new church was built with solid material and dedicated December 27, 1787. The old one was made of wood. It is still standing today.
Emperor Josef II declared war on the Turks. The Turks again invaded the Banat. The imperial troops had to retreat and in September 1788 the Kudritz settlers had to flee. At the end of September the deserted community was pillaged by the surrounding Romanian villagers and the few remaining settlers were chased out or murdered. The new church, after the altars, organ, windows, doors and benches were destroyed, was completely ransacked. Luckily, the Romanians did not burn the village down, although much hay was burned outside the village. The Kudritz settlers returned after Major General Count Harrach visited Werschetz on October 18 with his 2,000 soldiers.
http://kudritz.org/index.php/component/content/article/4-history.html
1774 death of 73 year old Michael Lotharius (I) and likely brother Adam on November 28. Disease? Accident? Murder? We'll probably never know, but for 2 men to survive to that age and die on the same day together is odd. Michael Lotharius was a presence in Kudritz practically from the beginning, and I believe that he was the father of Michael (II) born in 1750 and passed in 1809.
Failure of cereal crops across Europe due to effects of the "little ice age" and worsening frost and severe weather induce Germans to begin planting potatoes
http://books.google.com/books?id=YAkOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA208&dq=potato+resisted+france+germany&lr=#v=onepage&q=&f=false
In 1737, after the War of the Polish Succession, Lorraine was part of an agreement between France, the House of Habsburg and House and the House of Lorraine. The Duchy was given to Stanislaus Leszczynski, a former king of Poland and father-in-law to Louis XV of France, who despite French support had lost out to a candidate backed by Russia and Austria in the War of the Polish Succession. Duke Francis Stephen, betrothed to the Emperor's daughter, Archduchess Maria Theresa, was compensated with the Grand Duchy of Tuscany, where the last Medici had recently died without issue. France also promised to supporting Maria Theresa as heir to the Habsburg possessions under the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713. Leszczynski received Lorraine with the understanding that it would fall to the French crown upon his death. With Stanislas's death in 1766, Lorraine was annexed by France and was reorganized by the French government.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorraine_%28province%29
1753 Michael Lotharius I and Elisabetha birth to Nicolaus on Jan. 21
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