Recent Event Highlights: Instructional Design Rule of Thumb, Prominent Trends and Issues in Instructional Technology, Using 3D modeling for instructional purposes, Technology is a major part of world communication, Research using simulators in nursing education, ItunesU launched, and 32 more...
Created by dipity on Jun 22, 2010
Last updated: 11/09/11 at 06:17 PM
At look at top individuals at different universities giving an in depth look at the field of instructional design.
Students learning concepts in real time or in real life scenarios on the computer and are able to reflect on this learning is a valuable tool to a special education teacher and the ability of the teacher to increase to motivation of the students to learning.
Over the past several years, the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) has established standards for Web page coding that are now widely adopted. Adherence to standards allows Web developers to create a single version of content that displays and functions similarly in all modern browsers. These standards continue to evolve with technological advances and are moving towards an even more flexible content structure (based on XML code) and adaptability to many delivery platforms. The major browser developers have committed to developing standards-compliant browsers. As of 2004, the two most widely used browsers, Microsoft Internet Explorer 6+ and Netscape 7+, are considered compliant. In the meantime, COMET continues to devote a lot of time to creating Web pages that will display correctly in many generations of Netscape and Internet Explorer browsers. Many people in the workforce have been reluctant to upgrade their browsers, fearful of problems created by a few buggy versions that were introduced in the past, and because some systems administrators worry that security issues and support workloads could be created. Unfortunately, the more complex coding required to address older browser versions is itself susceptible to becoming dated because it does not follow the newer standards. In order to ensure that our training and educational materials are more stable, require less technical support, and maintain a longer shelf-life, COMET should be developing standards compliant Web pages. The benefits of doing this will only be realized, however, if its sponsors support the effort by ensuring that its workforce has access to and uses current browsers. Instructional Gaming Similar to simulations in their ability to immerse the learner in activities that stimulate learning (and often overlapping them in underlying design), computer games are becoming a highly visible topic of educational research. Their power rests in their interactive nature and ability to create a state-of-mind characterized by deep focus, high levels of creativity, and emotional engagement. These states are recognized as highly desirable conditions for deep learning. Contrary to common conceptions of games as trivial, abstract, and purely of entertainment value, instructional games can be designed to recreate a realistic narrative context that can depict the complexity of a performance environment, including its cognitive, physical, and emotional demands. Too often, professional expertise is abstracted in the process of creating training such that only its cognitive aspects are depicted to learners, and the underlying psychological aspects that are most likely to produce stress and demand complex decision making—rapid pacing, interpersonal communications and relationships, the potential for negative outcomes—are left out. Gaming can help recreate a richer, and much more engaging, environment for learning to occur. While gaming is often discussed as a potential way to engage a new generation of learners raised on an environment rich in interactive multimedia, it is already used, in more conservative formats like goal-based scenarios and problem-based learning, to teach complex problem solving to a range of professional, such as those in medical fields. In the military, it is used in all its richness to teach a wide range of strategic and tactical skills. Similarly, gaming offers much potential to train .
http://www.digitalmediaacademy.org/2010/03/maya-hands-on-training-courses-3d-modeling-and-animation/
Innovative technology affects every country in the world, in communication and access to knowledge.
http://shifthappens.wikispaces.com/
Cloud computing goes back to ideologies used in the 1960's to describe public utilities, but was established in its current form in 2008 by Eucalyptus Systems.
http://www.eucalyptus.com/
In 2007, with a grant funded by the Laerdal Medical Corporation, the NLN began a three-year research study on the use of simulation in nursing education. The project, called the Simulation Innovation and Resource Center (SIRC), involved educators from the United States and also eight international educators from Australia, Canada, Chile, Japan, Norway, Scotland, and China (Hovancsek, Jeffries, Escudero, Foulds, Huseb, Iwamoto, et al., 2009). The goal of the project was to develop web-based courses that use high technology simulations.
In 2007, with a grant funded by the Laerdal Medical Corporation, the NLN began a three-year research study on the use of simulation in nursing education. The project, called the Simulation Innovation and Resource Center (SIRC), involved educators from the United States and also eight international educators from Australia, Canada, Chile, Japan, Norway, Scotland, and China (Hovancsek, Jeffries, Escudero, Foulds, Huseb, Iwamoto, et al., 2009). The goal of the project was to develop web-based courses that use high technology simulations.
This is where discovered and started learning about Instructional Technology (through several Itunes courses by Edutopia.org (an Instructional Technology foundation founded by George Lucas (of Star Wars fame)
The name change to Nursing Informatics was implemented in 2006 to coincide with then-current standards of practice and scope. The Nursing Informatics department is now comprised of registered nurses, educators, systems analysts, a web analyst, a security coordinator and system administrators whose focus is to enhance nursing practice through the creative use of technology, maximizing nursing productivity, improving the work environment infrastructure
EDUSAT is the first Indian satellite built exclusively for serving the educational sector. It is mainly intended to meet the demand for an interactive satellite based distance education system for the country. It strongly reflects India's commitment to use space technology for national development, especially for the development of the population in remote and rural locations.
http://www.skyrocket.de/space/doc_sdat/gsat-3.htm
HPT is a systematic and systemic approach to understanding barriers to performance and identifying interventions to improve performance. It is systematic in that there are clearly defined processes for studying and understanding human performance.
http://www.ispi.org/content.aspx?id=54
In 2003 the National League of Nursing put out a report that simulations can help nursing students with critical thinking skills and self reflection.
http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR15-4/sanford.pdf
In 2003 the National League of Nursing put out a statement that supports the use of simulators/computerized patients in nursing education to help with critical thinking and self reflection.
http://www.nova.edu/ssss/QR/QR15-4/sanford.pdf
Sixty-five years of contributions to learning that will continue to contribute to the ID&T feild for many years to come.
1968 Contributions of Learningg to human Development
1968 Learning Hierachies
1972 Domains of Learning
1988 Mastry Learning and Instructional Design
1990 Intergrative Goals for Instructional Design
http://www.ibstpi.org/Products/Legacy-Gagne.htm
Cecil became the first web-based Learning Management System (LMS).
Sheridan, D., David White, D., & Gardner. L.
(2002). CECIL: The First Web-Based LMS.
Retrieved from
http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/auckland02/proceedings/papers/148.pdf
http://www.ascilite.org.au/conferences/auckland02/proceedings/papers/148.pdf
The merger of education and mobile technology using small personal pocket devices
Since the 1990's there has been a growing interest in the theory of Constructivism.
http://web.ebscohost.com.kaplan.uah.edu/ehost/detail?vid=1&hid=9&sid=b24b0302-e9b2-449f-b437-a0dc037e3263%40sessionmgr12&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=f5h&AN=47349084
IBM launched the 5150 model in which the term PC became more "PC" (Politically Correct) It is not the exact first time that a PC became present in technology, but it is when the term PC began to mean a microcomputer...which coincides with most computers that we use today.
Computers are increasingly being used for instructional purpose in more than 40% of all elementary schools and in more than 75% of secondary schools in the United States.
There was a growing interest in how the principles of cognitive psychology could be applied in the instructional design process.
http://www.ibstpi.org/Products/pdf/chapter_7.pdf
one of the 1st computers for the average person.
The ADDIE model was first conceptualized by Florida State University for use by the US Department of Defense.
http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/hrd/sat1.html
David Merrill developed Component Display Theory. This focuses presentation techniques.
Department of Audiovisual Instruction was changed to Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT) because of the emphasis of the new terms "educational technology" and "instructional technology" over the previous term "audiovisual instruction" (Reiser, 2007 p. 21).
http://www.aect.org/About/history.asp
LOGO, a computer programming language that allowed children to control the movement of a turtle, was created by Seymour Papert.
1968 Contributions of Learning to Human Development 1968 Learning Hierarchies 1972 Domains of Learning 1988 Mastry Learning and Instructual Design 1990 Intergrative Goals for Instructional Design
1968 Contributions of Learning to Human Development
1968 Learning Hierarchies
1972 Domains of Learning
1988 Mastry Learning and Instructional Design
1990 Intergrative Goals for Instructional Design
http://www.ibstpi.org/Products/section_1.htm
Gagne describes five types of learning outcomes - verbal information, intellectual skills, psychomotor skills, attitudes, and cognitive strategies - each are associated with specific learning outcomes. Gagne also listed nine events of instruction, which he described as essential for obtaining specific learning outcomes.
Gagne describes five types of learning outcomes: verbal information, intellectual skills, psychomotor skills, attitudes, and cognitive strategies.
One of his major contributions to Instructional Design was the nine events of instruction. He considered these an important part in achieving learning goals.
http://www.my-ecoach.com/idtimeline/theory/gagne.html,http://ide.ed.psu.edu/idde/9events.htm
"The Ford Foundation decided to focus its support on public television in general, rather than on in-school applications of instructional television"
(Reiser p. 21)
http://www.lib.umd.edu/NPBA/subinfo/ford.html
This is when Robert Glaser determined that these tests could be used to assess students beginning behavior determine how much students learned the behaviors that an instructional program was designed to teach. Reiser, R. A., & Dempsey, J. V. (2007). Trends and Issues In Instructional Design and Technology. New Jersey: Pearson. (p. 26)
In the early 1960s, the innovative Midwest Program on Airborne Television Instruction (MPATI) launched its "flying classroom" from an airfield near Purdue University in Lafayette, Indiana to broadcast instructional programs to school systems and the general public in Indiana and five surrounding states.
http://www.lib.umd.edu/NPBA/papers/mpati.html#tech
Because of the Soviet Union "beating" the US into space, everyone began to look at how we taught math and science. Money was allocated to improve math and science education. The instructional materials developed, however, were written by subject matter experts and not educators, so they were not developmentally appropriate (Reiser, 2007 p. 26).
http://history.nasa.gov/sputnik
Benjamin Bloom led a group or psychologists to develop levels of learning.
http://oaks.nvg.org/taxonomy-bloom.html
In 1952, the Federal Communications Commission set aside 242 television channels for educational purposes.
http://www.museum.tv/eotvsection.php?entrycode=educationalt
"During the 1950s and 1960s the [Ford Foundation] and its agencies spent more than $170 million on educational television" (Reiser, 2007 p. 21).
http://www.current.org/pbpb/statistics/FordExpend.html
"Dale's Cone diagrams effectiveness of learning according to the media involved in learning experiences. The chart illustrates the results of research conducted by Edgar Dale in the 1960s. According to Dale's research, the least effective method, the top of the cone, involves learning from information presented through verbal symbols, i.e., listening to spoken words. The most effective method, the bottom of the cone, involves direct, purposeful learning experiences, such as hands-on or field experiences."
The cone begins at the bottom with: direct, purposeful experiences; second: contrived experiences; third: dramatized experiences; fourth: demonstrations; fifth: field trips; sixth: exhibits; seventh: television; eighth: motion pictures; ninth: recordings, radio still pictures; tenth: visual symbols and finally, verbal symbols.
http://www.acu.edu/cte/activelearning/whyuseal2.htm
http://www.acu.edu/cte/activelearning/whyuseal2.htm
The first electronic and digital computers did not appear until the outbreak of World War II. The first digital computer prototypes were completed in 1941 and 1942, respectively. Neither of these earliest computers ever contributed to the war efforts, but the ideas behind them led to the ENIAC computer. ENIAC - The computer considered to be the forerunner of all later digital computes was the ENIAC computer, built at the University of Pennsylvania between 1943 and 1945.
"The federal government established the Division of Visual Aids for War Training. From 1941 to 1945, this organization oversaw the production of 457 training films." (Reiser, 2007. p.20)
http://blip.tv/file/2551082
Audiovisual instruction is empoyed in thew United States military and industry.
B.F. Skinner published his first book, The Behavior of Organisms, in which he defined operant behavior/operant conditioning. Where a a person or organism would receive some sort of reinforcement for a particular behavior and subsequently increase the behavior because of the reinforcement received. This was a popular theory that was used in instructional methods.
The Division of Visual Instructiona(DVI). This is known as "the coalition of 1932."
Instructional design pioneer
http://gandrewpage.com/tech/students/lynn/gagnepp.ppt#1
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