Recent Event Highlights: Forms and Effects of European Exploration and Expansion in the Pre-Modern World, Saint Maurice Church · Olomouc · CZ, Dazzling Jewels-Snuffboxes & Souvenirs from the 18th Century by Christian Orlov 4A 4-3 2, Dazzling Jewels--Snuffboxes from the 18th Century Royal Courts of Europe-1, Dazzling Jewels ... Snuffboxes from the 18th Century Royal Courts of Europe 1, East India Company Developer video part 4, and 171 more...
Created by dipity on Oct 3, 2008
Last updated: 09/25/09 at 08:49 PM
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...oceans of the world. And, while their impulses for exploration were by no means aberrant in human history, by the mid-eighteenth century, the nature and profound impact of European expansionism had certainly proven to be (Bentley & Ziegler 598-599). The effects...
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by the Wroclav master Michael Engler in the 18th century and the rare late gothic sculptural group of Christ on the Mount of Olives.The church tower provides tourists with a magnificent view of the city and its surroundings. Wikipedia: cs.wikipedia.org Link farnosti: www.moric-olomouc.cz 360° Virtual Tour: www.airpanoramas.cz Google 3d Warehouse: sketchup.google.com Google Earth: www.mofs.cz Google Maps: maps.google.cz ... cz cz071 77900 mofs fmt "moravian region" europe olomouc 3dolomouc ...
An Extraordinary look at the Jewelers Art from the 18th Century Royal Courts of Europe, especially France.
An Extraordinary look at the Jewelers Art from the 18th Century Royal Courts of Europe, especially France.
the worlds most powerful trading empire in a breathtaking cinematic environment. Offering both single and multiplayer modes, players will fight, manage and rule nations from Europe to the Far East using a wide array of ship classes. The game will feature fierce naval battles and direct command of individual ships. ... "East India Company" "Paradox Interactive" "Nitro games" "Kim Soares" "trading empire" fight manage rule "developer diary" "naval battles" ships strategy "grand strategy" "18th ...
GREECE SPOILED CHILD OF EUROPE To put an end to the notion that this is somehow a conspiracy to "rob" the Modern Greek nation of its heritage, in this I will present quotes from one author who basically say that; Modern Greeks are NOT the descendants of the so-called "Ancient Greeks" of 2500 years ago but rather the descendants of the more recently arrived negro slavers,Slav, Vlach and Albanian immigrants. Further, children are like their more remote ancestors from whom nothing has come, for ...
the worlds most powerful trading empire in a breathtaking cinematic environment. Offering both single and multiplayer modes, players will fight, manage and rule nations from Europe to the Far East using a wide array of ship classes. The game will feature fierce naval battles and direct command of individual ships. ... "East India Company" "Paradox Interactive" "Nitro games" "Kim Soares" "trading empire" fight manage rule "developer diary" "naval battles" ships strategy "grand strategy" "18th ...
line from Colombo to Badulla exploring the history, culture and nature. As we know introducing of Railway to Ceylon in 1864 is most remarkable milestone of colonial period. As the result of rising industrialization in Europe, train was invented in the mid of 18th century in England. Later it was introduced to Ceylon to provide transport for the cultivators to transport their crops and goods from Hill country to Colombo. www.rupavahini.lk ... udarata manike sri lanka train railway trip ceylon ...
elaborate cakes in general were the privilege of the wealthy, birthday cakes are nowadays common to most Western birthday celebrations. Around the world many variations on the birthday cake, or rather the birthday pastry or sweets, exist. Contents [hide] 1 History 2 Contemporary rituals and traditions 3 Candles 4 Birthday pastry cultural variations 5 See also 6 References [edit] History In classical Roman culture, 'cakes' were served at special birthdays. However, these cakes did not ...
becoming prominent in what used to be exclusively Western Armenian strongholds. Like Western Armenian, Eastern Armenian was also developed in the early part of the 19th century. But unlike Western Armenian, it was based on the dialect of the Ararat district of Russian Armenia. Both dialects are a mere 200 years old, which means there was no official division of the language before this. The oldest known form of Armenian is Classical Armenian. It was first written down using the ...
Please watch these two bellow videos: 1. "Charles Darwin did not invent racism and slavery" www.youtube.com 2. Arab / Muslim Literature on "black people" and "the colonial imaginary" www.youtube.com Everything in this video comes from "The anthropological treatises of Johann Friedrich Blumenbach": books.google.com "" God's image he too," as Fuller says, " although made out of ebony." This has been doubted sometimes, and, on the contrary, it has been asserted that the negroes are specifically ...
Please watch these two bellow videos: 1. "Charles Darwin did not invent racism and slavery" www.youtube.com 2. Arab / Muslim Literature on "black people" and "the colonial imaginary" www.youtube.com Everything in this video comes from "The anthropological treatises of Johann Friedrich Blumenbach": books.google.com "" God's image he too," as Fuller says, " although made out of ebony." This has been doubted sometimes, and, on the contrary, it has been asserted that the negroes are specifically ...
build the worlds most powerful trading empire in a breathtaking cinematic environment. Offering both single and multiplayer modes, players will fight, manage and rule nations from Europe to the Far East using a wide array of ship classes. The game will feature fierce naval battles and direct command of individual ships. ... "East India Company" "Paradox Interactive" "Nitro games" "Kim Soares" "trading empire" fight manage rule "developer diary" "naval battles" ships stratey "grand strategy ...
Star Wars meets the 18th century.
created as a response to that request, giving players a good overview of the different aspects of East India Company by showing them how things work in the game. East India Company scheduled for release in Q3 2009 and will be published worldwide by Paradox Interactive. The PC title will be available for digital download on leading digital distribution platforms. East India Company is a naval war strategy game based on the 18th century East India Companies. Players will attempt to build the ...
conspiracy, NWO, bush, world war3, martial law, infowars, disinformation, reality,gemineye, alex jones, Illuminati, Ron Paul, Gerald Celene, elites, rockefeller, rothschild, endgame, Obama deception, terrorstorm, terrorist, knights Templar, 911, twin towers, open your eyes, government, secret societies, Freemasons, skulls & bones, Internet, id chips The Order of the Illuminati was an Enlightenment-era secret society, founded on May 1, 1776, in Ingolstadt (Upper Bavaria), by Jesuit-taught ...
of monarchies, which they tried to institute by means of "subterfuge, secrecy, and conspiracy," including the infiltration of other organizations.They fancied themselves to be "enlightened" but they had little success and were destroyed within fifteen years of their origin Paranoid conspiracy theorists (PCTs) believe the Illuminati cabal still exists, either in its original form or as a paradigm for later cabals. Many PCTs believe "that large Jewish banking families have been orchestrating ...
As part of events to mark the 250th anniversary of the birth of iconic German poet Friedrich von Schiller,his hometown of Marbach has stepped back into the 18th century for a weekend. Residents of the town in southwest Germany dressed up in historical costumes and served food and drink typical of Schiller's day.
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...the endive plant and was used as a filler and flavor enhancer in parts of northern Europe at least as far back as the eighteenth century. For many years it was used to stretch coffee supplies, especially in hard times such as the Civil War. Community Coffee...
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one minute commercial shot entirely on a mobile phone. The Client Tourists have chosen Cannes as their holiday resort since the mid-eighteenth century. Regarded as the Jewel of the French Riviera Residents include millionaires, artists, writers and poets. Cannes is considered to be one of the most exclusive and expensive areas in Europe Cannes has a reputation for glamour and is packed with luxury boutiques and celebrity homes Business tourism makes Cannes Frances second most important city ...
appeal. [Paolo Pagnani, Restaurant Owner]: "We should scrap this 'pizza machine' and replace it with the old jukebox that at last had some charm!" Their pizzas cost around 10 dollars and time is a vital ingredient, the dough must be left for 12 hours and the oven pre-heated to 300 degrees. [Marcello, Pizza Chef]: "Unfortunately, today people invent many things, but you can't make any comparison, especially in terms of quality. The only benefit is the price." The machine's designers have high ...
http://www.eic-game.com/ East India Company is a naval war strategy game based on the 18th century East India Companies. Players will attempt to build the worlds most powerful trading empire in a breathtaking cinematic environment. Offering both single and multiplayer modes, players will fight, manage and rule to build immense trading empire spanning from Europe to the Far East using a wide array of ship classes. The game will feature fierce naval battles and direct command of individual ...
Official video for "Crooked Timber" from our same titled new album released on March 23rd 2009. http://www.therapyquestionmark.co.uk/ http://www.myspace.com/therapyquestionmark We may appear to have had a 'quiet' couple of years but have spent it wisely... re-grouping, re-focusing and re-energising. Of course there was the small matter of writing and recording album number 12 *. It's here folks, "Crooked Timber". "Crooked Timber" focuses more on rhythm, rather than melody. While it is a ...
also known as Boxe Française, or French boxing, Savate has somewhat cloudy origins, but many trace it to the 18th century, when French sailors sailing the Indian Ocean and South China Sea learned kicking techniques from Asian cultures and brought them back to the streets of Marseilles. In Paris in 1803, Michael Casseux set up the first school of Savate, named for a type of heavy boot worn at the time. By 1820, Savate had grown in popularity throughout France, and open hand strikes were added ...
the globe. Empire: Total War takes the Total War franchise to the eighteenth century Age of Enlightenment -- a time of political upheaval, military advancements,
also known as Boxe Française, or French boxing, Savate has somewhat cloudy origins, but many trace it to the 18th century, when French sailors sailing the Indian Ocean and South China Sea learned kicking techniques from Asian cultures and brought them back to the streets of Marseilles. In Paris in 1803, Michael Casseux set up the first school of Savate, named for a type of heavy boot worn at the time. By 1820, Savate had grown in popularity throughout France, and open hand strikes were added ...
18th century, the Australian mainland and Tasmania were inhabited by around 250 individual nations[7] of indigenous Australians.[8] After sporadic visits by fishermen from the immediate north, and European discovery by Dutch explorers in 1606,[9] the eastern half of Australia was claimed by the British in 1770 and initially settled through penal transportation to the colony of New South Wales, founded on 26 January 1788. The population grew steadily in the following years; the continent ...
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...is little known in the U.S. but famous in Europe; the Louvre Museum owns several of his works. A star in Rome in the early eighteenth century, he was commissioned to do the somewhat studious “official” portrait of Pope Benedict XIV (the current Pope is Benedict...
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New York Magazine
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Dominate the 18th century on land and sea. Command the seas, control the land, forge a new nation, and conquer the globe. Empire: Total War takes the Total War franchise to the eighteenth century Age of Enlightenment — a time of political upheaval, military advancements, and radical thought, captured in stunning detail in Empire: Total War. Empire: Total War introduces a host of revolutionary new features, including true 3D naval combat. For the first time in the Total War series, you will ...
and there exchanged them for molasses, which in turn was taken to New England and converted into rum for sale in Africa. Isaac Da Costa of Charleston in the 1750's, David Franks of Philadelphia in the 1760's, and Aaron Lopez of Newport in the late 1760's and early 1770's dominated Jewish slave trading on the American continent." "Slave trading was a major feature of Jewish economic life in Surinam which as a major stopping-off point in the triangular trade. Both North American and ...
Costumed re-enactments including 18th and 19th century Europe, 18th century pirates and tall ships, Ancient Greeks, Egyptians, Romans, Crusaders, Jesus and his Disciples, the Founding Fathers, and more.
The Romantic Era (1850 - 1920.) Some of the English painters of the Romantic Era The paintings of these painters are in this video Henry Holiday Thomas Matthews Rooke Marie Spartali Stillman John Melhuish Strudwick Kate Elizabeth Bunce Frederick Sandys Edmund Blair-Leighton Sir Frank Dicksee Evelyn de Morgan John Roddam Spencer Stanhope Sidney Meteyard John Byam Shaw Frank Cowper Video Edited by Gil Carosio Music by Vangelis ( Siren's Whispering ) Romanticism is a complex artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in the second half of the 18th century in Western Europe, and gained strength during the Industrial Revolution.[1] It was partly a revolt against aristocratic social and political norms of the Age of Enlightenment and a reaction against the scientific rationalization of nature, and was embodied most strongly in the visual arts, music, and literature. Honors for this video (5) 21-02-2009 #1 - Most Discussed (Today) - Education - Brazil #8 - Top Favorited (Today) - Education - Brazil #85 - Top Rated (Today) - Brazil #1 - Top Rated (Today) - Education - Brazil #2 - Top Rated (This Week) - Education - Brazil Honors for this video (11) 22-02-2009 #55 - Most Discussed (Today) - Brazil #1 - Most Discussed (Today) - Education - Brazil #6 - Most Discussed (This Week) - Education - Brazil #31 - Most Discussed (This Month) - Education - Brazil #89 - Most Viewed (Today) - Education - Hong Kong #3 - Top Favorited (Today) - Education - Brazil #23 - Top Favorited (This Week) - Education - Brazil #35 - Top Rated (Today) - Brazil #1 - Top Rated (Today) - Education - Brazil #1 - Top Rated (This Week) - Education - Brazil #11 - Top Rated (This Month) - Education - Brazil
The Hittites were an ancient Anatolian people who spoke a language of the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European language family, and established a kingdom centered at Hattusa (Hittite URUḪattuša) in north-central Anatolia (on the Central Anatolian plateau) ca. the 18th century BC
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...the fourth such wave, at least in terms of accuracy and quality. The first wave occured in seventeenth- and early eighteenth-century Europe during the birth of the newspaper. Prior to that time, printed news came in the form of “newsbooks.” These were one-off...
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Regret the Error
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This Laendler is from Sor's Op.39. Played by Robert on 1st.(Dieter Hopf G.C.) and me on 2nd.(Antonio Raya Pardo) Recorded back in 1994, analog tape-wheel-recorder, no editing. (The Sor images and the Staak images are as different as Summer and Winter) The ländler is a folk dance in 3/4 time which was popular at the end of the 18th century. It is a dance for couples which strongly features hopping and stamping. It was sometimes purely instrumental and sometimes had a vocal part, sometimes featuring yodeling. When dance halls became popular in Europe in the 19th century, the ländler was made quicker and more elegant. It is thought to have contributed to the evolution of the waltz.
Who doesnt know Michelangelos Final Judgement, Raphaels School of Athens or Gregorio Guglielmis The Multiplication of the Loaves and Fishes? Perhaps the last artist is unknown, however, this Italian painter was one of the best in Europe during the 18th century. His works of art were in great demand by noble families, the Catholic Church and the most important courts of the day. Edith Gabrielli, Art Historian: Everyone wanted his works. The most powerful kings called him to decorate their palaces. However, his name was in total oblivion, no one knows who he was today and art historians do not have a clear idea of him. Thats why the Italian cultural institutions have opened an exhibit in the Eternal City so that art experts and the public can get to know him. His most impressive work of art is at the former monastery of Saint Agustin: The Multiplication of the Loaves and Fishes Gabrielli: The work of art is characterized by strokes, for a way to extend a color that is extremely soft and suggestive: light, pleasant, colors that range from pink, to light green, to sky blue. Agostino Gioia, the prior of Saint Agustins order and one of the most powerful men of the period, commissioned one of the painters first creations in 1752. Gabrielli: He requested it for the monasterys dining room, this explains why it was chosen the multiplication of the loaves and fishes. Other of his most impressive works showing another phase of the painter are the allegories of peace, war, summer and autumn. According to Gabrielli, these works show the result of good governance, the result of a country with an enlightened and capable leader. The exhibit will be open until March 15. Its an opportunity to appreciate and learn about the history of Italian art through a collection of 20 paintings brought from museums worldwide. DG
Let's continue the list of ETW era films: 16. The Sovereign's Servant (Sluga Gosudarev) 2007 Europe, 1709. Russia and Sweden are at war. Two French duelists are exiled by King Louis XIV of France: one to the side of Czar Peter the Great of Russia, the other to the side of King Charles XII of Sweden. Although separated by war and allegiance, fate has not finished with them. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0476695/ Quite a cheesy movie many would say (esp Swedes, for them it's like Patriot film for British XD) considering you can find many historical mistakes, swedes speak broken english and a spice of russian propoganda (couple of soldiers holding hordes of swedes and other stuff lol) Nevertheless it's good entertainment especially the battle. 15. Pirates: The True Story of Blackbeard (2006 TV) In the Golden Age of Piracy, at the dawn of the 18th century, Blackbeard stood out among the lawless rogues as the most fearsome and notorious seafarer of them all. He killed for the reputation, and his reputation has become legend. Now, for the first time, comes the true story of pirate Edward Teach, the man who terrorized the seas. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0472242/ Another insight film on Blackbeard and it's quite good, though long, so relax and enjoy the story of the greatest pirate of the seven seas :D 14. The Patriot (2000) Peaceful farmer Benjamin Martin is driven to lead the Colonial Militia during the American Revolution when a sadistic British officer murders his son. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0187393/ For me it's a good movie despite some historical inaccuracies and basic stereotypes toward Mel Gibson (which I don't have). The battles and redcoat uniforms/costumes are especially nice. To be continued soon...
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...automated reminder. Your email address: Moll Flanders is a historical novel which provided an accurate look into eighteenth century Europe through the criminal life and prostitution of Moll Cutpurse and declared Daniel Defoe as the writer who started...
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The capital of Spain, located in the heart of the peninsula and right in the center of the Castillian plain 646 meters above sea level, has a population of over three million. A cosmopolitan city, a business center, headquarters for the Public Administration, Government, Spanish Parliament and the home of the Spanish Royal Family, Madrid also plays a major role in both the banking and industrial sectors. Most of its industry is located in the Southern fringe of the city, where important textile, food and metal working factories are clustered. Madrid is characterized by intense cultural and artistic activity and a very lively nightlife.The grand metropolis of Madrid can trace its origins to the times of Arab Emir Mohamed I (852-886), who ordered the construction of a fortress on the left bank of the Manzanares river. Later it became the subject of a dispute between the Christians and Arabs until it was conquered by Alonso VI in the 11th century. At the end of the 17th century, a defensive wall was built for the protection of the new outlying areas, tracing the roads of Segovia, Toledo and Valencia. During the 18th century, under the reign of Carlos III, were designed the great arteries of the city, such as the Paseo del Prado and Paseo las Acacias.Madrid.Travel Guide.Photos ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Ciudad de Madrid, fábula de Europa y capital de España, conocida como la capital del encanto y de la alegría. Describiendo nuestra ciudad en tales términos significa que la misma es acogedora, cordial, libre, tranquila y universal.
About the Game Dominate the 18th century on land and sea. Command the seas, control the land, forge a new nation, and conquer the globe. Empire: Total War takes the Total War franchise to the eighteenth century Age of Enlightenment — a time of political upheaval, military advancements, and radical thought, captured in stunning detail in Empire: Total War. Empire: Total War introduces a host of revolutionary new features, including true 3D naval combat. For the first time in the Total War series, you will be able to intuitively command single ships or vast fleets upon seascapes rich with extraordinary water and weather effects that play a huge role in your eventual glorious success or ignominious defeat. After pummelling your enemy with cannon fire, close in to grapple their ship and prepare to board, taking control of your men as they fight hand-to-hand on the decks of these wooden behemoths. In addition, Empire: Total War will see further enhancements to the Total War series signature 3D battles and turn-based campaign map. Real-time battles will pose new challenges with the addition of cannon and musket, challenging players to master new formations and tactics as a result of the increasing role of gunpowder within warfare. And the Campaign Map — for many, the heart of Total War — introduces a variety of new and upgraded elements, including new systems for Trade, Diplomacy and Espionage with agents; a refined and streamlined UI; improved Advisors; and a vastly extended scope, taking in the riches of India, the turbulence of Europe and, for the first time, the untapped potential of the United States of America. Take command on the high seas. New real-time 3D naval warfare takes Total War's unparalleled battle action to the high seas, with players commanding single ships or vast fleets. Become a founding father. Starting in 1700 — The era of warfare across oceans, revolution and the founding of the United States. All new graphics engine and technology features staggering real-time seascapes, new advanced landscape and flora systems, and dynamic weather. © SEGA. The Creative Assembly, Total War, Empire: Total War and the Total War logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of The Creative Assembly Limited. SEGA and the SEGA logo are registered trade marks or trade marks of SEGA Corporation. All rights reserved.
Koi (鯉 ) or more specifically nishikigoi (錦鯉,) "brocaded carp" are ornamental domesticated varieties of the common carp Cyprinus carpio. Origins The common carp is widely believed to have originated from the Caspian Sea with natural habitat surrounding the North, Baltic, Mediterranean, Black, Azov, Caspian and Aral Sea basins. The common carp, as a food fish with the ability to survive and adapt to many different climates and waterways, was bartered and spread to many different areas, including North America, Africa, Europe, and Asia. Wild populations of the common carp now exist in those four continents and South America. Natural color mutations of these carp would have occurred across all populations. Historical records indicate that carp with color mutations were found in China. However, the earliest records of carp with distinct colors kept for selective breeding, true Nishikigoi, have been found in Japan. [1] Depictions of carp or 'koi' with different color variations have been found on 18th century Japanese drawings and paintings. The ornamental cultivation of carp originated in the Niigata region of Japan during the Japanese Edo Period. Etymology The word "koi" comes from Japanese, simply meaning "carp." It includes both the dull grey fish and the brightly colored varieties. A homophone of koi means "love, affection" and koi are therefore symbols of love and friendship in Japan: a good example is the short story Koi-san by Mukoda Kuniko. History Koi breeding originated in the 18th century in the Niigata prefecture of Japan. Farmers working the rice fields would notice that some carp were more brightly colored than others, capture them, and raise them. By the 20th century, a number of color patterns had been established, most notably the red-and-white Kohaku. The outside world did not become aware of the degree of development until 1914, when the Niigata koi were exhibited in the annual exposition in Tokyo. At that point, interest in koi exploded throughout Japan. The hobby of keeping koi spread worldwide after plastic bags and shipping of koi became both fast and safe for the fish. These factors enabled koi to be shipped worldwide with low mortality rates. Koi are now commonly sold in most pet stores, with higher-quality fish available from specialist dealers. Koi varieties are distinguished by coloration, patterning, and scalation. Ghost koi, developed in the 1980s are metallic hybrids of wild carp and Ogon koi and are not considered true Nishikigoi. Butterfly koi, Longfin koi, or Dragon Carp were also developed in the 1980s and are notable for their long and flowing fins. They are actually hybrids with Asian carp and, like Ghost koi, are not considered true Nishikigoi. Koi fish are very shy, and will dart away with ease. Above; From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://gaus-usa.com/ http://themodulator.blogspot.com/
Batyrkhan Shukenov,,Батырхан Шукенов,Sagim dunie Kazakhstan, also Kazakstan (Kazakh: қазақстан, Qazaqstan, IPA: [qɑzɑqstɑn]; Russian: Казахстан, Kazakhstán, Russian pronunciation: [kaзaxсtan]), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a country in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Ranked as the ninth largest country in the world as well as the world's largest landlocked country,[4][5] it has a territory of 2,727,300 km2 (greater than Western Europe). It is bordered by Russia, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and China. The country also borders on a significant part of the Caspian Sea. Vast in size, the land in Kazakhstan is very diverse in types of terrain: flatlands, steppes, taigas, rock-canyons, hills, deltas, mountains, snow-capped mountains, and deserts. Kazakhstan has the 62nd largest population in the world, with a population density of less than 6 people per square kilometre (15 per sq. mi.). For most of its history the territory of modern-day Kazakhstan has been inhabited by nomadic tribes. By the 16th century the Kazakhs emerged as a distinct group, divided into three hordes. The Russians began advancing into the Kazakh steppe in the 18th century, and by the mid-19th century all of Kazakhstan was part of the Russian Empire. Following the 1917 Russian Revolution, and subsequent civil war, the territory of Kazakhstan was reorganized several times before becoming the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic in 1936, a part of the USSR. During the 20th century, Kazakhstan was the site of major Soviet projects, including Khrushchev's Virgin Lands campaign, the Baikonur Cosmodrome, and the Semipalatinsk "Polygon", the USSR's primary nuclear weapon testing site. Kazakhstan declared itself an independent country on December 16, 1991, the last Soviet republic to do so. Its communist-era leader, Nursultan Nazarbayev, became the country's new president. Since independence, Kazakhstan has pursued a balanced foreign policy and worked to develop its economy, especially its hydrocarbon industry. While the country's economic outlook is improving, President Nazarbayev maintains strict control over the country's politics. Several opposition leaders and journalists have been killed in recent years, and Western observers generally do not consider Kazakhstan's elections to be free and fair. Nevertheless, Kazakhstan's international prestige is building.[6] It is now considered to be the dominant state in Central Asia.[7] The country belongs to many international organizations, including the United Nations, NATO's Partnership for Peace, the Commonwealth of Independent States, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. In 2010, Kazakhstan will chair the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe. In 2011, it will form a customs union with Russia and Belarus. Kazakhstan is ethnically and culturally diverse, in part due to mass deportations of many ethnic groups to the country during Stalin's rule. Kazakhs are the largest group, followed by Russians. Kazakhstan allows freedom of religion, and many different beliefs are represented in the country. Islam is the primary religion, followed by Orthodox Christianity. The official language is Kazakh, though Russian is still commonly used for everyday communication.
Veneto Italy is Produced and presented by Alessandro Sorbello http://www.alessandrosorbello.com for New Realm Media http://www.newrealm.com.au Veneto or Venetia (Vèneto), is one of the 20 regions of Italy. Its population is about 4.8 million, and its capital is Venice. The region includes the eastern part of the Po Valley and, to the north, a part of the Dolomites. The extensive plain, with the Po delta, is rich in waters. It is a region which combines two different and unique aspects of the Italian nature: the lagoon zone (Venice) and the majestic peaks of the Dolomites of Cadore. Promoting http://www.accommodationitaly.com Cities: The regional capital is Venice. Other important cities are: Verona, Padua, Vicenza, Treviso, Rovigo, Belluno. Art: In the region numerous and important Roman traces can be found: the best known example is the Arena of Verona. In the area around Venice, Byzantine influences are visible (St. Mark and the Cathedral of Torcello); in the hinterland, away from the sea there are many outstanding examples of Romanesque and Gothic art. The Renaissance palaces are numerous and of great value. Museums: In Venice: the Academy Galleries house the major collections of Venetian painting from 1300 to 1700; the G. Franchetti Gallery houses important paintings, while Guggenheim collection exhibits international works of contemporary art. In the Palazzo Grassi, exhibitions of international interest are organized every year. In this beautiful city there are also: the Museum of the eighteenth century life in Venice with tapestries, attire, furniture and paintings; the National Gallery of Modern Art, the Oriental Museum and the Correr Museum, which is reserved to Renaissance masterpieces. In Verona the Civic Museum of Art, which is devoted to the great Verona painting, the Archaeologic Museum and the Museum of Frescoes can be visited. Vicenza offers: the Civic Museum (ethnology and archaeology) and the Pinacoteca. In Padua the famous Scrovegni Chapel, with Giottos frescoes, can be admired; the Civic Museum and the botanic garden, the oldest in Europe, can be admired. In Treviso there is the Museum of the Casa Trevigiana with modern furniture and sculptures. Rovigo has the Gallery of the Concordi (Venetian school from the fifteenth to the eighteenth century) and the Civic Museum of the Polesine Civilization. To be visited: The Venetian islands of Murano, Burano and Torcello; Chioggia; the canals of the Brenta and the Veneto villas. Visitors can admire the enchanting and unique lagoon and the majestic reddish spires of the Dolomites. Verona, with its Roman ruins and rather spurious Shakespeare connection is a lovely town to wander around. So too is the rather humbler Treviso, a quiet and prosperous town near Venice with picturesque canals of its own. Padua is an attractive and interesting town with a rich history, impressive architecture and art - particularly Giotto's frescoes - which is a must for the art historian. Venice and its lagoon offer unmissable sightseeing experiences, and once you're tired of crowded bridges and canals there are plenty of interesting excursions around the lagoon to quieter destinations such as the fishing port of Chioggia and the abandoned island of Torcello. The wealthy city-dwellers of the Veneto became obsessed with erecting elegant villas in the countryside, and employed the finest architects to design these rural palaces. Andrea Palladio was the most famous, and the Palladian villas of the region are, after the canals of Venice, one of the Veneto's most renowned images. The town of Vicenza is the place to visit to see more of his work, while a trip down the Brenta Canal passes his famous villa La Malcontenta, and scores of other summer homes of the Venetian aristocracy.
Generally, they are made of oak wood, of three posts supporting the upper part of the gate that is covered by a shingled roof. The gates of this region have often been compared to real "triumphal arches" through which the peasants used to pass with dignity, proud of their noble origin. The series of monumental gates are a living testimony of a particular historical reality. During the feudal period, in the communities of Maramures, a number of princes (cneaz) appeared who periodically elected their voivode. In time, the nobles' power and privileges had been attentively fragmented and distributed to a growing number of families. For centuries, the members of this "caste" (with the dimension of a real community!) resisted the attempts to deprive them of their privileges. This is the explanation of the amazing result of an 18th century Austrian statistics that situated Maramures "on the first place in the whole empire as concerns the reported percentage of noblemen of the county's population." The number of the registered noblemen with their rank certified by authentic documents was no less than 15,000, most of them being descendants of the local princes' families. This fact is extremely important because only the nobles had the privilege to raise high gates in front of their homesteads, while the simple people had the right only to a simple gate. For a period, Maramures had been a unique imperial enclave populated by peasants of noble origin. The shingle covered gates with carved posts are relics of a social organization that had functioned up to the 20th century due to the persistence of local traditions and the people's inborn conservative tendencies. Nowhere in Europe did anything similar happen. "The attachment of the local people to these valuable constructions, deeply rooted in the cultural and artistic traditions as well as in the social and political history of Maramures, is illustrated by the fact that the ranking of the homesteads after their gates has been preserved until our days. Even now, when asking them about a man living in their village, the old peasants will point to the gate of the house where the person lives, the gesture signifying the way they rank him" (Francisc Nistor, 1977). The construction, the carving of the decorative elements, and the passage through the gate had to respect particular rituals based upon a deep faith (with mythical rather than religious connotations). Thus, the cutting of the oak tree had to be in a night with full moon - in order to keep away any misfortune and all the "evil hours" from around the homestead. Then, the transportation of the timber from the forest had to be done on one of the weekdays when people did not fast (on Tuesday, Thursday or Saturday), according to the belief that thus the wood would bring them luck. Maramureş (in Romanian; Hungarian: Máramaros; Latin: Marmatia; Ukrainian: Мармарощина / Marmaroshchyna, Мараморщина / Maramorshchyna, Марамуреш / Maramuresh; Yiddish: מאַראַמאָראָש (maramurush)) is a historical region in northern Transylvania, along the upper Tisza River. The territory of its southern section is now parts of Maramureş County in the northern Romania; its northern section is included in the Zakarpattia Oblast of western Ukraine. Prior to this division, which occurred in 1920, the region coincided with Máramaros comitatus of the Kingdom of Hungary. Alternatively, the name Maramureş is used for the Maramureş County of Romania, which contains the southern section of the former historical region and also small parts of the interbellic Satu Mare County and Sălaj County (former pre-WWI Szatmar and Szolnok-Doboka comitata).
I've recently managed to add several early Russian operas to my collection and, though I am not particularly fond of Russian music on the whole, I found some of the pieces truly enchanting and, in context of the musical tradition that was developing in Europe at the time (at the end of the eighteenth century), both authentically Russian and yet incorporating that would not seem out of place in a European opera. The present upload is a compilation of my personal selections from one such work, "The Coachmen at the Horse Stage-Post" by one of Russia's first composers, Yestignei Fomin. The narrative of the work (which barely lasts more than half an hour) is simple: the coachmen are eagerly awaiting the Tzarina's passage of their post, only the virtuous Timofei is saddened, as he is concerned over his quiet life with his wife, as the no-good Vachrush has been heard saying that he would occupy himself with bringing Timofei's downfall. This plan is quickly brought into action when the former approaches (with several armed men) the post to send Timofei into the army. Thankfully, the whole affair (just fifteen minutes into the work) is resolved by the assistance of all the coachmen and a benevolent officer of the crown which causes general excitement, thus the work is resolved in a positive light. This short story, obviously intended to propagate the authority of Russia, comprises in total, ten numbers, most of them being folk choruses and ensembles. I've chosen only three of them (in order of appearance): the sole aria of the work, "How ardent is a young man's heart" (No. 2; belongs to Timofei as he quietly recounts his suffering, based on a folk motive), the chorus that opens the piece, "Not for my father does the swallow sing" (surprisingly solemn in its' melodic material, though no less effective), and a part of the final celebration, "A birch-tree suffered in the field" (No. 8; utilizing a simple folk (amounting pretty much to a bass line stated by the balalaika and accounting a archetypal story of a suffering maiden in captivity who is helped by good people) for a very rewarding experience). The soloists (though sadly unnamed) are very characterful and truly believable in the roles of the simple coachmen. Hope you'll enjoy :)!
Police vs Muslims - Fight Police are agents or agencies, usually of the executive, empowered to enforce the law and to ensure public and social order through the legitimized use of force. The term is most commonly associated with police departments of a state that are authorized to exercise the police power of that state within a defined legal or territorial area of responsibility. The word comes via French from the Latin politia (civil administration), which itself derives from the Ancient Greek πόλις, for polis ("city"). The first police force comparable to present-day police was established in 1667 under King Louis XIV in France, although modern police usually trace their origins to the 1800 establishment of the Marine Police in London, the Glasgow Police, and the Napoleonic police of Paris. The first modern police force is also commonly said to be the London Metropolitan Police, established in 1829, which promoted the preventive role of police as a deterrent to urban crime and disorder. Law enforcement however constitutes only part of policing activity. Policing has included an array of activities in different situations, but the predominant ones are concerned with the preservation of order. In some societies, in the late 18th century and early 19th century, these developed within the context of maintaining a layered societal structure and the protection of property. Alternative names for police force include constabulary, gendarmerie, police department, police service, crime prevention, protective services, law enforcement agency or Garda Síochána, and members can be police officers, troopers, sheriffs, constables, rangers, peace officers or Garda. Russian police and police of the Soviet-era Eastern Europe are called militsiya. A Muslim is an adherent of the religion of Islam. The feminine form is Muslimah. Literally, the word means "one who submits". Muslim is the participle of the same verb of which Islām is the infinitive. Muslims believe that there is only one God, translated in Arabic as Allāh. Muslims believe that Islam existed long before Muhammad and that the religion had evolved with time from the time of Adam until the time of Muhammad and was completed with the revelation of verse 3 of Surah al-Maeda: This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed My favour upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion. The Qur'an describes many Biblical prophets and messengers as Muslim: Adam, Noah (Arabic: Nuh), Moses (Arabic: Mūsā) and Jesus (Arabic: Īsā) and his apostles. The Qur'ān states that these men were Muslims because they submitted to God, preached his message and upheld his values. Thus, in Surah 3:52 of the Qur'ān, Jesus disciples tell Jesus, "We believe in God; and you be our witness that we submit and obey." Most Muslims consider making ritual prayer five times a day a religious duty; these five prayers are known as fajr, dhuhr, asr, maghrib and ishā'. There is also a special Friday prayer called jumuah. Fighting is purposeful violent conflict intended to establish dominance over the opposition. Violence can be unilateral, whereas fighting implies at least a defensive reaction. However, the terms are often used synonymously along with the term "Battle Ready". Fighting may take place under a certain set of rules or be unregulated. Examples of rules include the Geneva Conventions (covering the treatment of soldiers in war), medieval Chivalry, and the Marquess of Queensberry rules (covering boxing). Fighting in warfare involves two or more opposing military organizations, usually fighting for nations at war (although guerrilla warfare and suppression of insurgencies can fall outside this definition). Warfare falls under the laws of war, which govern its purposes and conduct, and protect the rights of soldiers and non-combatants. Fighting may be armed (using weapons), or unarmed (not using weapons). Hand-to-hand combat (mêlée) is combat at very close range, feeling the opponent with the body (striking, kicking, strangling, etc.) and/or with a mêlée weapon (knives, swords, batons, etc.), as opposed to firing. Hand-to-hand combat can be further divided into three sections depending on the distance and positioning of the combatants.
First time in the Bay Area! Teatro De Ciertos Habitantes Monsters and Prodigies: A History of the Castrati (De Monstruos Y Prodigios: La Historia De Los Castrati) Thu, Feb 5Sat, Feb 7, 2009, 8 pm • Novellus Theater at YBCA $30 Regular, $25 Member/Student/Senior/Teacher In Spanish and Italian with English subtitles. In the 18th century, the castrati, sacred monsters whose voices were surgically molded, represented a peak of artistry. Monsters and Prodigies is about this fascinating cultural phenomenon: talented child singers born in poverty who were castrated to preserve their soprano voices, and propelled to stardom in the frivolous courts of Europe. Directed by Claudio Valdés Kuri and written by Jorge Kuri for Mexico Citys internationally acclaimed Teatro de Ciertos Habitantes, Monsters is theatrical opera with mass-audience appeal—a colorful and often humorous three-century journey from the decadent extremes of the Baroque period to the technological 20th century, where beauty has been annihilated by reason. With a precise and wild gaze, Ciertos Habitantes infuses life into one of the most sublime mysteries in history. Secure your tickets now for this virtuoso theater troupes YBCA debut.
Some modern day Jews (not really) rap about the Ghettos of 18th century Europe. This was a history project for AP European History. The song was written by a member of the group.
Stereo: http://br.youtube.com/watch?v=4pLKxNPqfDA&fmt=18 Antonio Lucio Vivaldi (1678 - 1741). I. Siam navi all'onde algenti. Il Giardino Armonico. Cecilia Bartoli (Mezzosoprano). Dir: Giovanni Antonini. L'Olimpiade is an opera libretto in three acts by Metastasio, that was originally written for Antonio Caldara's 1733 opera. Following Caldara's success, more than 60 baroque and classical composers used the libretto for their own renditions. Metastasios plot, draws upon the narrative of '"The Trial of the Suitors" provided from book 6 of Herodotus's The Histories. The story, set in Ancient Greece at the time of the Olympic games, is about amorous rivalry and characters' taking places to gain the loved one. The story ends with two marriages being announced. Caldara's opera was commissioned for the celebration of Empress Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel's birthday in 1733 and Mestasio was hired to write the libretto. The opera was immensly popular and productions soon were ammounted across Europe, making Caldara's opera one of the most frequently performed operas of the first half of the 18th century. Metastasio himself commented to Saverio Mattei that Lolimpiade had been "performed and repeated in all the theatres of Europe". Indeed, it ranks with Demofoonte and Didone abbandonata, dramas excelled in popularity only by Artaserse and Alessandro nellIndie. The popularity of Lolimpiade may subsequently have prompted Metastasios Nitteti, a twin drama in several respects. The popularity of Caldara's opera certainly gave Mestasio's libretto a wide audience. The composers who later chose to set his libretto to their own music would have certainly been familiar with his text through Caldara's opera. The first composer to reuse the libretto was Antonio Vivaldi in Venice in 1734. This was followed by Giovanni Battista Pergolesi's famous version in 1735. Although Pergolesis initial setting for Rome was not immediately successful, the number of subsequent stagings and extant manuscripts have particularly associated his name with this drama. In 1747 Baldassare Galuppis version premiered to resounding success in Milan and the opera is now regarded as his most successful opera seria. The libretto was also the source for Josef Mysliveček's finest dramatic work (1778, Naples) and a popular succes for Antonio Sacchini in Padua 1763. Johann Nepomuk Poissl was the first German composer to set the work in 1815 and his version enjoyed occasional revivals during the nineteenth century.
An Entertaining Yet Educational Video On 18th Century European Medicine, Diet, Religion, and Popular Culture Made By: Derek Seymour Anthony Pinter Zaccheus Mokua Daniel Henderson Zack Stewart Adam Weaver Ernest Rajakone Class: Mrs.Debra Solomon
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